How to format your references using the Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature. 2002;420(6917):868-874.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dohoney KM, Gelles J. Chi-sequence recognition and DNA translocation by single RecBCD helicase/nuclease molecules. Nature. 2001;409(6818):370-374.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee H, Zones SI, Davis ME. A combustion-free methodology for synthesizing zeolites and zeolite-like materials. Nature. 2003;425(6956):385-388.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nagarkar SS, Saha T, Desai AV, Talukdar P, Ghosh SK. Metal-organic framework based highly selective fluorescence turn-on probe for hydrogen sulphide. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7053.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cazdyn E, Szeman I. After Globalization. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2011.

An edited book

Dong G, ed. C-C Bond Activation. Vol 346. Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Hansen LK, Arvidsson A, Nielsen FA, Colleoni E, Etter M. Good Friends, Bad News - Affect and Virality in Twitter. In: Park JJ, Yang LT, Lee C, eds. Future Information Technology: 6th International Conference, FutureTech 2011, Loutraki, Greece, June 28-30, 2011, Proceedings, Part II. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer; 2011:34-43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine.

Blog post

Carpineti A. The Tech For NASA’s Dark Energy Observatory Moves To Test Phase. IFLScience. January 20, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-tech-for-nasas-dark-energy-observatory-moves-to-test-phase/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Gulf War Illnesses: DOD’s Conclusions About U.S. Troops’ Exposure Cannot Be Adequately Supported. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ji Y. Dynamic Genetic Control: Manipulating Cell Behaviors Using Heat. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yablonsky L. Upping the Ante. New York Times. October 2, 2011:M298.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine
ISSN (print)	2214-0247
Scope	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Biomedical Engineering General Medicine Drug Discovery