How to format your references using the Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Eisenstein M. Diversity: Of beans and genes. Nature. 2010;468(7327):S13-5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Siefermann KR, Abel B. Chemistry. Ion chemistry mediated by water networks. Science. 2010;327(5963):280-281.

A journal article with 3 authors

Long SB, Campbell EB, Mackinnon R. Voltage sensor of Kv1.2: structural basis of electromechanical coupling. Science. 2005;309(5736):903-908.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Egolf DA, Melnikov IV IV, Pesch W, Ecke RE. Mechanisms of extensive spatiotemporal chaos in Rayleigh-Benard convection. Nature. 2000;404(6779):733-736.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Radcliff PB. Modern Spain. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

Ravi SS, Shukla SK, eds. Fundamental Problems in Computing: Essays in Honor of Professor Daniel J. Rosenkrantz. Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Hughes D, Evans M, Morrow G, Keith S. Creativities, Production Technologies and Song Authorship. In: Evans M, Morrow G, Keith S, eds. The New Music Industries: Disruption and Discovery. Springer International Publishing; 2016:63-80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine.

Blog post

Luntz S. How Bacteria Make Ice. IFLScience. April 25, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-ice-making-bacteria-do-there-work/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Airport and Airway Trust Fund Excise Taxes. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Al azze Q. Field-Oriented Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on DSP Controller. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E. PLAYING IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD. New York Times. August 14, 1994:139.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine
ISSN (print)	2214-0247
Scope	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Biomedical Engineering General Medicine Drug Discovery