How to format your references using the Biological Invasions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biological Invasions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tauxe W (2015) A tumour through time. Nature 527:S102-3

A journal article with 2 authors

Brodsky EE, Lajoie LJ (2013) Anthropogenic seismicity rates and operational parameters at the Salton Sea Geothermal Field. Science 341:543–546

A journal article with 3 authors

Ciosk R, DePalma M, Priess JR (2006) Translational regulators maintain totipotency in the Caenorhabditis elegans germline. Science 311:851–853

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Adolphs R, Gosselin F, Buchanan TW, et al (2005) A mechanism for impaired fear recognition after amygdala damage. Nature 433:68–72

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Arifin SMN, Madey GR, Collins FH (2016) Spatial Agent-Based Simulation Modeling in Public Health. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Rau PLP (ed) (2015) Cross-Cultural Design Methods, Practice and Impact: 7th International Conference, CCD 2015, Held as Part of HCI International 2015, Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2-7, 2015, Proceedings, Part I. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Li X, Mao Y (2016) Sharp Bounds of the Generalized (Edge-)Connectivity. In: Mao Y (ed) Generalized Connectivity of Graphs. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 41–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biological Invasions.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) 18-Foot-Long Burmese Python Found And Caught In Florida. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Financial Literacy: Overview of Federal Activities, Programs, and Challenges. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Theisen TD (2008) Improving the collaboration infrastructure of an online inter -institutional consortium. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2014) A Dominating Display at 14. New York Times B11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Tauxe 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Brodsky and Lajoie 2013; Tauxe 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brodsky and Lajoie 2013)
Three or more authors: (Adolphs et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biological Invasions
Abbreviation	Biol. Invasions
ISSN (print)	1387-3547
ISSN (online)	1573-1464
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology