How to format your references using the Biogerontology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biogerontology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cohen J (2014) Strategies against HIV/AIDS. Australia shows its neighbors how to stem an epidemic. Introduction. Science 345:152–155

A journal article with 2 authors

Kim H-J, Benner SA (2010) Comment on “The silicate-mediated formose reaction: bottom-up synthesis of sugar silicates.” Science 329:902; author reply 902

A journal article with 3 authors

Yuan N, Fu Z, Liu S (2014) Extracting climate memory using Fractional Integrated Statistical Model: a new perspective on climate prediction. Sci Rep 4:6577

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Pursell ZF, Isoz I, Lundström E-B, et al (2007) Yeast DNA polymerase epsilon participates in leading-strand DNA replication. Science 317:127–130

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brenner IR (2010) How to Survive a Medical Malpractice Lawsuit. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, West Sussex, UK

An edited book

Spanagel R, Mann KF (eds) (2005) Drugs for Relapse Prevention of Alcoholism. Birkhäuser, Basel

A chapter in an edited book

Garus J, Polak A (2015) Simulation Model of PEM Fuel Cell Operating at Hydrogen and Oxygen. In: Awrejcewicz J, Szewczyk R, Trojnacki M, Kaliczyńska M (eds) Mechatronics - Ideas for Industrial Application. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 31–39

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biogerontology.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2017) A Brand New View Of Two Hidden Supermassive Black Holes. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/a-brand-new-view-on-two-hiding-supermassive-black-holes/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1980) Increased Use of Expanded Function Dental Auxiliaries Would Benefit Consumers, Dentists, and Taxpayers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richardson MM (2013) Challenging the South’s black-white binary: Haliwa-Saponi Indians and political autonomy. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2012) Previous Success for Witness in Mets Case. New York Times B18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cohen 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Kim and Benner 2010; Cohen 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kim and Benner 2010)
Three or more authors: (Pursell et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biogerontology
Abbreviation	Biogerontology
ISSN (print)	1389-5729
ISSN (online)	1573-6768
Scope	Ageing Geriatrics and Gerontology Gerontology