How to format your references using the Biogeosciences Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biogeosciences Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Solis, M.: Prevention: Before the break, Nature, 508, S12-3, 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kerrick, D. M. and Connolly, J. A.: Metamorphic devolatilization of subducted marine sediments and the transport of volatiles into the Earth’s mantle, Nature, 411, 293–296, 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gergely, G., Bekkering, H., and Király, I.: Rational imitation in preverbal infants, Nature, 415, 755, 2002.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Chamero, P., Marton, T. F., Logan, D. W., Flanagan, K., Cruz, J. R., Saghatelian, A., Cravatt, B. F., and Stowers, L.: Identification of protein pheromones that promote aggressive behaviour, Nature, 450, 899–902, 2007.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Koperski, J.: The Physics of Theism, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2014.

An edited book

Linte, C. A., Yaniv, Z., and Fallavollita, P. (Eds.): Augmented Environments for Computer-Assisted Interventions: 10th International Workshop, AE-CAI 2015, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2015, Munich, Germany, October 9, 2015. Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, X, 155 p. 82 illus. in color pp., 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Das, A.: Riemannian and Pseudo-Riemannian Manifolds, in: Tensors: The Mathematics of Relativity Theory and Continuum Mechanics, edited by: Das, A., Springer, New York, NY, 121–199, 2007.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biogeosciences Discussions.

Blog post

Meet The Snakes Born Without Scales: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/secret-snakes-scales/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Opportunities to Reduce Fragmentation, Overlap, and Potential Duplication in Federal Teacher Quality and Employment and Training Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cordova, M.: The impact of a teacher training program on student engagement, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, S.: Op-art; Sub-liminal, New York Times, 19th October, A33, 2000.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Solis, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Kerrick and Connolly, 2001; Solis, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kerrick and Connolly, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Chamero et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biogeosciences Discussions
Abbreviation	Biogeosci. Discuss.
ISSN (online)	1810-6285
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Earth-Surface Processes