How to format your references using the Biogeosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biogeosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zakon, H.: Physiology. Heeding the hormonal call, Science, 305, 349–350, 2004.

A journal article with 2 authors

Arimoto, T. and Sato, Y.: Science and society. Rebuilding public trust in science for policy-making, Science, 337, 1176–1177, 2012.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baldwin, M. P., Dameris, M., and Shepherd, T. G.: Atmosphere. How will the stratosphere affect climate change?, Science, 316, 1576–1577, 2007.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Zhang, Y., Tang, T.-T., Girit, C., Hao, Z., Martin, M. C., Zettl, A., Crommie, M. F., Shen, Y. R., and Wang, F.: Direct observation of a widely tunable bandgap in bilayer graphene, Nature, 459, 820–823, 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tagliani, M.: The Practical Guide to Wall Street, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2009.

An edited book

Savitz, S. I. and Rosenbaum, D. M. (Eds.): Stroke Recovery with Cellular Therapies, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, XVIII, 166 p pp., 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Roederer, J. and Zhang, H.: Collisionless Plasmas, in: Dynamics of Magnetically Trapped Particles: Foundations of the Physics of Radiation Belts and Space Plasmas, edited by: Zhang, H., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 123–158, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biogeosciences.

Blog post

The Bacteria In Our Gut May Influence Our Response To Certain Cancer Treatments: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/the-bacteria-in-our-gut-may-influence-our-response-to-certain-cancer-treatments/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Impacts of Education Reform, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gao, H.: Extracting Key Features for Analysis and Recognition in Computer Vision, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L.: Bush Appeals to Justices on Detainees Case, New York Times, 15th February, A17, 2008.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zakon, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Arimoto and Sato, 2012; Zakon, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Arimoto and Sato, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biogeosciences
Abbreviation	Biogeosciences
ISSN (print)	1726-4170
ISSN (online)	1726-4189
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Earth-Surface Processes