How to format your references using the Big Data and Cognitive Computing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Big Data and Cognitive Computing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Harvey, R.P. Planetary Science. Carbonates and Martian Climate. Science 2010, 329, 400–401.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bucknall, D.G.; Anderson, H.L. Chemistry. Polymers Get Organized. Science 2003, 302, 1904–1905.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ma, H.; Sun, H.; Sun, X. Survival Improvement by Decade of Patients Aged 0-14 Years with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A SEER Analysis. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 4227.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dery, H.; Dalal, P.; Cywiński, Ł.; Sham, L.J. Spin-Based Logic in Semiconductors for Reconfigurable Large-Scale Circuits. Nature 2007, 447, 573–576.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bonneau, D.; Fatu, A.; Souchet, D. Internal Combustion Engine Bearings Lubrication in Hydrodynamic Bearings; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2014; ISBN 9781119005025.

An edited book

Agroforestry - The Future of Global Land Use; Nair, P.K.R., Garrity, D., Eds.; Advances in Agroforestry; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2012; Vol. 9; ISBN 9789400746756.

A chapter in an edited book

Rosen, E.; Tsesis, I. Surgical Anesthesia: When a Tool Becomes a Weapon. In Complications in Endodontic Surgery: Prevention, Identification and Management; Tsesis, I., Ed.; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2014; pp. 53–60 ISBN 9783642542176.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Big Data and Cognitive Computing.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. Go On A Spectacular Infrared Tour Of The Milky Way In This Video (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Information Management: The National Technical Information Service’s Dissemination of Technical Reports Needs Attention; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2014;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Morrison, G.K. Self-Reported, Interview-Assisted Diet Records Underreport Protein and Energy Intake in Maintenance Hemodialysis (MHD) Patients. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ortved, J. Model Makes A Stand With Feminist Art. New York Times 2017, D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Big Data and Cognitive Computing
Abbreviation	Big Data Cogn. Comput.
ISSN (online)	2504-2289
Scope