How to format your references using the Batteries citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Batteries. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Maxmen, A. Drug Development: A Combined Effort. Nature 2013, 502, S4-6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Aanen, D.K.; Bisseling, T. Microbiology. The Birth of Cooperation. Science 2014, 345, 29–30.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ellis, A.S.; Johnson, T.M.; Bullen, T.D. Chromium Isotopes and the Fate of Hexavalent Chromium in the Environment. Science 2002, 295, 2060–2062.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Merceron-Saffon, N.; Baceiredo, A.; Gornitzka, H.; Bertrand, G. Synthesis of Carbenes through Substitution Reactions at a Carbene Center. Science 2003, 301, 1223–1225.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Epperlein, P.W. Semiconductor Laser Engineering, Reliability and Diagnostics; John Wiley & Sons Ltd: Oxford, UK, 2013; ISBN 9781118481882.

An edited book

Zhang, J.C. Theory and Practice of Soil Loss Control in Eastern China; DeAngelis, D.L., Zhuang, J.Y., Eds.; Springer: New York, NY, 2011; ISBN 9781441996787.

A chapter in an edited book

Guck, D.; Han, T.; Katoen, J.-P.; Neuhäußer, M.R. Quantitative Timed Analysis of Interactive Markov Chains. In NASA Formal Methods: 4th International Symposium, NFM 2012, Norfolk, VA, USA, April 3-5, 2012. Proceedings; Goodloe, A.E., Person, S., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012; pp. 8–23 ISBN 9783642288906.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Batteries.

Blog post

Taub, B. The Peanut Genes That Cause Allergy In Humans Have Been Identified (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Air Traffic Control: Efforts to Expand the New York Terminal Area Automation System; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1988;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Prather, M.R. Pink, Blues, Blacks, and the Union Jack: Mod’s Reinterpretation of Britishness, 1962-1964. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt), S.K. World Briefing | Asia: Russia: Journalist’s Body Found. New York Times 2002, A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Batteries
ISSN (online)	2313-0105
Scope