How to format your references using the Australian Orthoptic Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Australian Orthoptic Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koshland DE Jr. Crazy, but correct. Nature. 2004 Nov 25;432(7016):447.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bao J, Bawendi MG. A colloidal quantum dot spectrometer. Nature. 2015 Jul 2;523(7558):67–70.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kennedy M, Mrofka D, von der Borch C. Snowball Earth termination by destabilization of equatorial permafrost methane clathrate. Nature. 2008 May 29;453(7195):642–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

McMorran BJ, Marshall VM, de Graaf C, Drysdale KE, Shabbar M, Smyth GK, et al. Platelets kill intraerythrocytic malarial parasites and mediate survival to infection. Science. 2009 Feb 6;323(5915):797–800.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fickelscherer RJ, Chester DL. Optimal Automated Process Fault Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Bauzer Medeiros C, Egenhofer MJ, Bertino E, editors. Advances in Spatial and Temporal Databases: 9th International Symposium, SSTD 2005, Angra dos Reis, Brazil, August 22-24, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. XIII, 433 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 3633).

A chapter in an edited book

Herzig A, Lima T de, Lorini E, Troquard N. Three Traditions in the Logic of Action: Bringing them Together. In: Trypuz R, editor. Krister Segerberg on Logic of Actions. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014. p. 61–84. (Outstanding Contributions to Logic).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Australian Orthoptic Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. New Single-Dose Malaria Treatment Could Eventually Help Millions. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-single-dose-malaria-treatment-could-eventually-help-millions/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Children’s Issues: A Decade of GAO Reports and Recent Activities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Sep. Report No.: HRD-90-162.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Greenfield D. Beyond Super Heroes and Talking Animals: Social Justice in Graphic Novels in Education [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Georgia: Device Explodes In Capital. New York Times. 2004 Oct 21;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Australian Orthoptic Journal
ISSN (print)	0814-0936
Scope