How to format your references using the Australian Journal of Zoology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Australian Journal of Zoology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowles S (2006). Group competition, reproductive leveling, and the evolution of human altruism. Science (New York, N.Y.) 314, 1569–1572.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jones PA, Takai D (2001). The role of DNA methylation in mammalian epigenetics. Science (New York, N.Y.) 293, 1068–1070.

A journal article with 3 authors

Szemenyei H, Hannon M, Long JA (2008). TOPLESS mediates auxin-dependent transcriptional repression during Arabidopsis embryogenesis. Science (New York, N.Y.) 319, 1384–1386.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Waterhouse GIN, Wahab AK, Al-Oufi M, Jovic V, Anjum DH, Sun-Waterhouse D, Llorca J, Idriss H (2013). Hydrogen production by tuning the photonic band gap with the electronic band gap of TiO₂. Scientific reports 3, 2849.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

D’Andrea A, Sjogren J (2013). ‘Veterinary Technician’s Large Animal Daily Reference Guide’. (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK)

An edited book

Bosso N (2013). ‘Mechatronic Modeling of Real-Time Wheel-Rail Contact’ Eds M Spiryagin, A Gugliotta, A Somà. (Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg)

A chapter in an edited book

Hsu C-H, Tsai W-C (2015). A Design Strategy of Cultural and Creative Products on the Global Market. In ‘Cross-Cultural Design Methods, Practice and Impact: 7th International Conference, CCD 2015, Held as Part of HCI International 2015, Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2-7, 2015, Proceedings, Part I’. (Ed PLP Rau.) Lecture Notes in Computer Science. pp. 36–48. (Springer International Publishing: Cham)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Australian Journal of Zoology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015). New Analysis Of Sunspot History Challenges Climate Skeptics. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/errors-sunspot-data/ [accessed 30 October 2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990). Airline Competition: Passenger Facility Charges Represent a New Funding Source for Airports. RCED-91-39. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Scharf MT (2015). Comparing Student Cumulative Course Grades, Attrition, and Satisfaction in Traditional and Virtual Classroom Environments. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University Scottsdale, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM (2017). Kushner Friend Steps Down as Editor of the Observer. New York Times, B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bowles 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Jones and Takai 2001; Bowles 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jones and Takai 2001)
Three or more authors: (Waterhouse et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Australian Journal of Zoology
Abbreviation	Aust. J. Zool.
ISSN (print)	0004-959X
ISSN (online)	1446-5698
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics