How to format your references using the Australasian Emergency Care citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Australasian Emergency Care. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Balter M. ARCHAEOLOGY: Paintings in Italian Cave May Be Oldest Yet. Science 2000;290:419–21.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ghose GM, Maunsell JHR. Attentional modulation in visual cortex depends on task timing. Nature 2002;419:616–20.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Moran NA, McLaughlin HJ, Sorek R. The dynamics and time scale of ongoing genomic erosion in symbiotic bacteria. Science 2009;323:379–82.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chen J, Wang F, Huang Q, Hu L, Song X, Deng J, et al. Effectively control negative thermal expansion of single-phase ferroelectrics of PbTiO3-(Bi,La)FeO3 over a giant range. Sci Rep 2013;3:2458.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Daubert EJ. The Annual Campaign. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

[1]

Fonseca RJ, Weber G-W, Telhada J, editors. Computational Management Science: State of the Art 2014. vol. 682. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Naumov AD, Timokhina NI, Litvinchuk AV, Vereshchako GG, Khodosovskaya AM, Sushko SN, et al. Radioprotective Properties of Selenomethionine with Methionine, Extracts from Basidium Fungi and Exogenous DNA. In: Pierce GN, Mizin VI, Omelchenko A, editors. Advanced Bioactive Compounds Countering the Effects of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Agents: Strategies to Counter Biological Damage, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013, p. 55–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Australasian Emergency Care.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Most Americans Support Childhood Vaccines. IFLScience 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Income Security Issue Area: Active Assignments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sarantopoulos ND. The relationship between values and leadership styles of nonprofit leaders. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Sisario B. Ed Sheeran’s ‘Divide’ Breaks a Global Record. New York Times 2017:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Australasian Emergency Care
ISSN (print)	2588-994X
Scope