How to format your references using the Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Keeling, R. F.: Atmospheric science. Recording Earth’s vital signs, Science, 319, 1771–1772, 2008.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chapman, A. and Wyndham, J.: Human rights. A human right to science, Science, 340, 1291, 2013.

A journal article with 3 authors

Akihiko, T., Morioka, Y., and Behera, S. K.: Role of climate variability in the heatstroke death rates of Kanto region in Japan, Sci. Rep., 4, 5655, 2014.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Wei, M. C., Zong, W. X., Cheng, E. H., Lindsten, T., Panoutsakopoulou, V., Ross, A. J., Roth, K. A., MacGregor, G. R., Thompson, C. B., and Korsmeyer, S. J.: Proapoptotic BAX and BAK: a requisite gateway to mitochondrial dysfunction and death, Science, 292, 727–730, 2001.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nagashima, Y.: Elementary Particle Physics, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2013.

An edited book

Stephens, G. and Mochida, S. (Eds.): Modulation of Presynaptic Calcium Channels, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, XII, 365 p pp., 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Slota, M., Baláž, M., and Leite, J.: On Supporting Strong and Default Negation in Answer-Set Program Updates, in: Advances in Artificial Intelligence -- IBERAMIA 2014: 14th Ibero-American Conference on AI, Santiago de Chile, Chile, November 24-27, 2014, Proceedings, edited by: Bazzan, A. L. C. and Pichara, K., Springer International Publishing, Cham, 41–53, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions.

Blog post

How To Make A Cloud In Your Mouth: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/how-make-cloud-your-mouth/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Troops-To-Teachers: Program Brings More Men and Minorities to the Teaching Workforce, but Education Could Improve Management to Enhance Results, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lawary, Y.: A Comparison of How Three Four-Year University Teacher Education Programs Prepare Pre-Service Teachers to Use Culturally Relevant Pedagogy, Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly, E.: At the Nation’s Table: Buffalo;Bottling the Secret Of the Wings, New York Times, 19th June, C4, 1996.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Keeling, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Chapman and Wyndham, 2013; Keeling, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chapman and Wyndham, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Wei et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions
ISSN (print)	1810-6528
ISSN (online)	1810-6536
Scope