How to format your references using the Asian Journal of Urology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asian Journal of Urology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Segal E. Journal club. A computational biologist looks at how identical cells come to differ. Nature 2010;464:329.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bel S, Hooper LV. Immunology: A bacterial nudge to T-cell function. Nature 2015;526:328–30.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Ni S, Kanamori H, Helmberger D. Seismology: energy radiation from the Sumatra earthquake. Nature 2005;434:582.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S, Brown EJ, Banerjee RR, Wright CM, et al. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature 2001;409:307–12.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Stewart JM. Managing for World Class Safety. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2001.

An edited book

[1]

Bejan A. Constructal Theory of Social Dynamics. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Lai J, Deng RH, Ma C, Sakurai K, Weng J. CCA-Secure Keyed-Fully Homomorphic Encryption. In: Cheng C-M, Chung K-M, Persiano G, Yang B-Y, editors. Public-Key Cryptography – PKC 2016: 19th IACR International Conference on Practice and Theory in Public-Key Cryptography, Taipei, Taiwan, March 6-9, 2016, Proceedings, Part I, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2016, p. 70–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asian Journal of Urology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Check Out These Spectacular New Images Of Pluto. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/check-out-these-spectacular-new-images-pluto/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Program Status: Naval Surface Fire Support. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Choi KK. Conspiracy and alternative crimes in the Military Commissions Act of 2009: Is There a Way Out? Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Mueller B, Baker AL. Cloak of Silence Descends After a Killing on a Bronx Park’s Edge. New York Times 2016:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Asian Journal of Urology
ISSN (print)	2214-3882
Scope