How to format your references using the Asian Journal of Urology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asian Journal of Urology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Sakmar TP. Biochemistry. Redder than red. Science 2012;338:1299–300.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Higgins SI, Scheiter S. Atmospheric CO2 forces abrupt vegetation shifts locally, but not globally. Nature 2012;488:209–12.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Ganem NJ, Godinho SA, Pellman D. A mechanism linking extra centrosomes to chromosomal instability. Nature 2009;460:278–82.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Li MO, Sarkisian MR, Mehal WZ, Rakic P, Flavell RA. Phosphatidylserine receptor is required for clearance of apoptotic cells. Science 2003;302:1560–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Shore SN. The Tapestry of Modern Astrophysics. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Anker J-P, Orsted B, editors. Lie Theory: Unitary Representations and Compactifications of Symmetric Spaces. vol. 229. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Zhang Y, Wen W, Chen Y. Asymmetry in STT-RAM Cell Operations. In: Xie Y, editor. Emerging Memory Technologies: Design, Architecture, and Applications, New York, NY: Springer; 2014, p. 117–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asian Journal of Urology.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. How Do We Tell The World That We’ve Found Alien Life? IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-do-we-tell-world-weve-found-alien-life/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Air Safety: FAA’s Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Nguyen D. Deus-ex-machina: A modern skeptic’s relentless scrutiny of the production of ethics in post-colonial literature and postcolonialism. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Crow K. Selling Tea as Serenity, Not Snobbery. New York Times 2000:144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Asian Journal of Urology
ISSN (print)	2214-3882
Scope