How to format your references using the Asian Journal of Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asian Journal of Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Eisenstein M. Clinical trials: More trials, fewer tribulations. Nature. 2014;509(7502):S55-7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tani K, Stoltz BM. Synthesis and structural analysis of 2-quinuclidonium tetrafluoroborate. Nature. 2006;441(7094):731-734.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shepherd DS, Claussen MJ, Kurtz SE. Evidence for a solar system-size accretion disk around the massive protostar G192.16-3.82. Science. 2001;292(5521):1513-1518.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Behrens MM, Ali SS, Dao DN, et al. Ketamine-induced loss of phenotype of fast-spiking interneurons is mediated by NADPH-oxidase. Science. 2007;318(5856):1645-1647.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smed J, Hakonen H. Algorithms and Networking for Computer Games. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

Larson LE, Tsimring LS, Liu JM, eds. Digital Communications Using Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics. Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Kidd E, Grigsby P. The Use of Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging for Image-Guided Therapy. In: Viswanathan AN, Kirisits C, Erickson BE, Pötter R, eds. Gynecologic Radiation Therapy: Novel Approaches to Image-Guidance and Management. Springer; 2011:41-48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asian Journal of Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Insanely Fuel Efficient Engine Could Go To Mars And Back On One Tank Of Fuel. IFLScience. September 21, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/mars-and-back-one-tank-magnesium/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Review of the Tennessee Valley Authority’s Procurements of Automatic Data Processing Equipment. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hambarsoomian H. Classification of Placental Chorionic Surface Vasculature Network Features Using Machine Learning Techniques. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Higgins A. $24 Million Insurance Paid on Stolen Art. New York Times. September 11, 2013:A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Asian Journal of Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	2468-824X
Scope