How to format your references using the Asia Pacific Journal of Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asia Pacific Journal of Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Burrows, A. (2005). A theoretical look at the direct detection of giant planets outside the Solar System. Nature, 433(7023), 261–268.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bays, P. M., & Husain, M. (2009). Response to Comment on “Dynamic Shifts of Limited Working Memory Resources in Human Vision.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 323(5916), 877.

A journal article with 3 authors

Holland, N. D., Holland, L. Z., & Holland, P. W. H. (2015). Scenarios for the making of vertebrates. Nature, 520(7548), 450–455.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Tan, L., An, Z., Huh, C.-A., Cai, Y., Shen, C.-C., Shiau, L.-J., Yan, L., Cheng, H., & Edwards, R. L. (2014). Cyclic precipitation variation on the western Loess Plateau of China during the past four centuries. Scientific Reports, 4, 6381.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yeakley, C. L., & Fiebrich, J. D. (2015). Collaborative Process Improvement. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Rosenthal, D. L., Wojcik, E. M., & Kurtycz, D. F. I. (Eds.). (2016). The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (1st ed. 2016). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Philippe, X. (2016). Les dommages-intérêts pour violation des droits de l’homme en France. In E. Bagińska (Ed.), Damages for Violations of Human Rights: A Comparative Study of Domestic Legal Systems (pp. 69–100). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asia Pacific Journal of Education.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, May 30). Plans Unveiled For A Floating Future City. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/plans-unveiled-floating-future-city/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2017). School Bus Safety: Crash Data Trends and Federal and State Requirements (GAO-17-209). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Powers, D. L. (2010). Teachers’ perceptions of the effects of No Child Left Behind on classroom instruction: A cross case analysis applying Dewey’s theory of instructional methods [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines, G. G. (2016, April 24). Brooklyn Gets a Superhero (and a Few Villains). New York Times, MB4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Burrows, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Bays & Husain, 2009; Burrows, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bays & Husain, 2009)
Three authors: (Holland et al., 2015)
6 or more authors: (Tan et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Asia Pacific Journal of Education
ISSN (print)	0218-8791
ISSN (online)	1742-6855
Scope	Education