How to format your references using the Asia Pacific Family Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asia Pacific Family Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Buratowski S. Gene expression: transcription initiation unwrapped. Nature. 2012;483:286–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Fagiolini M, Hensch TK. Inhibitory threshold for critical-period activation in primary visual cortex. Nature. 2000;404:183–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Zhang Y, Lu H, Bargmann CI. Pathogenic bacteria induce aversive olfactory learning in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 2005;438:179–84.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Noctor SC, Flint AC, Weissman TA, Dammerman RS, Kriegstein AR. Neurons derived from radial glial cells establish radial units in neocortex. Nature. 2001;409:714–20.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Lawless HT. Quantitative Sensory Analysis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons; 2013.

An edited book

1. Marshak A, Davis A, editors. 3D Radiative Transfer in Cloudy Atmospheres. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Otnes R, Asterjadhi A, Casari P, Goetz M, Husøy T, Nissen I, et al. Routing. In: Asterjadhi A, Casari P, Goetz M, Husøy T, Nissen I, Rimstad K, et al., editors. Underwater Acoustic Networking Techniques. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 63–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asia Pacific Family Medicine.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Mystery of Superluminous Supernova Solved [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/mystery-superluminous-supernova-solved/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Market Developments in the Global Satellite Services Industry and the Implementation of the ORBIT Act. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005 Apr. Report No.: GAO-05-550T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Quick TD. Faith-based charter school success at education ground zero [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Baker AL. Push to Rid City of Classrooms That Are Anything but Temporary. New York Times. 2014 Mar 31;A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Asia Pacific Family Medicine
Abbreviation	Asia Pac. Fam. Med.
ISSN (online)	1447-056X
Scope	Family Practice Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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