How to format your references using the Archives of Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kamien RD (2011) Applied physics. Knot your simple defect lines? Science 333:46–47

A journal article with 2 authors

Hirsh AE, Fraser HB (2001) Protein dispensability and rate of evolution. Nature 411:1046–1049

A journal article with 3 authors

Peltier WR, Liu Y, Crowley JW (2007) Snowball Earth prevention by dissolved organic carbon remineralization. Nature 450:813–818

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Buskila Y, Breen PP, Tapson J, et al (2014) Extending the viability of acute brain slices. Sci Rep 4:5309

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ruske W (1971) Verlag Chemie 1921-1971. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Husain Z (2014) Women in Kolkata’s IT Sector: Satisficing Between Work and Household. Springer India, New Delhi

A chapter in an edited book

Xidonas P, Mavrotas G, Krintas T, et al (2012) Portfolio Performance Evaluation. In: Mavrotas G, Krintas T, Psarras J, Zopounidis C (eds) Multicriteria Portfolio Management. Springer, New York, NY, pp 85–104

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Toxicology.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Monkeys Believe in Winning Streaks Like Us. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monkeys-believe-winning-streaks-us/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) DOT Discretionary Grants: Problems with Hurricane Sandy Transit Grant Selection Process Highlight the Need for Additional Accountability. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Umstead HG (2017) Determining the Value of Outdoor Adventure Education for Educational Leaders. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2008) No Ruling Means No Change For Fantasy Baseball Leagues. New York Times D4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kamien 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Hirsh and Fraser 2001; Kamien 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hirsh and Fraser 2001)
Three or more authors: (Buskila et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Toxicology
Abbreviation	Arch. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0340-5761
ISSN (online)	1432-0738
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis General Medicine Toxicology