How to format your references using the Archives of Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowles S. Group competition, reproductive leveling, and the evolution of human altruism. Science. 2006;314(5805):1569-1572.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bergman R, Swenson J. Dynamics of supercooled water in confined geometry. Nature. 2000;403(6767):283-286.

A journal article with 3 authors

Satoh N, Nakashima T, Yamamoto K. Metastability of anatase: size dependent and irreversible anatase-rutile phase transition in atomic-level precise titania. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1959.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

He H, Liyanarachchi S, Akagi K, et al. Mutations in U4atac snRNA, a component of the minor spliceosome, in the developmental disorder MOPD I. Science. 2011;332(6026):238-240.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Williams DL. Ophthalmology of Exotic Pets. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2012.

An edited book

Mukherjee S, Aarts RM, Roovers R, Widdershoven F, Ouwerkerk M, eds. AmIware Hardware Technology Drivers of Ambient Intelligence. Vol 5. Springer Netherlands; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Aziz AA, Klein MCA, Treur J. Intelligent Configuration of Social Support Networks Around Depressed Persons. In: Peleg M, Lavrač N, Combi C, eds. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: 13th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, AIME 2011, Bled, Slovenia, July 2-6, 2011. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2011:24-34.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Neurology.

Blog post

Luntz S. People With Bipolar Symptoms Wait Six Years On Average For Treatment. IFLScience. July 26, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/people-with-bipolar-symptoms-wait-six-years-on-average-for-treatment/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. A Judgmental Call: Measuring the Safety of the Airlines. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carter CA. The Panhellenic Project: Assessing Learning Engagement Using Web 2.0 Technologies. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M. THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Democrats; As Race Looks Tighter, Theme Is Truth and Trust. New York Times. October 29, 1992:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Neurology
Abbreviation	Arch. Neurol.
ISSN (print)	0003-9942
ISSN (online)	1538-3687
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Clinical Neurology