How to format your references using the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gordon RG. Plate tectonics. The Antarctic connection. Nature. 2000;404(6774):139-140.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jia CL, Urban K. Atomic-resolution measurement of oxygen concentration in oxide materials. Science. 2004;303(5666):2001-2004.

A journal article with 3 authors

Anderson DG, Burdick JA, Langer R. Materials science. Smart biomaterials. Science. 2004;305(5692):1923-1924.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhang J, Yan S, Sluyter R, Li W, Alici G, Nguyen NT. Inertial particle separation by differential equilibrium positions in a symmetrical serpentine micro-channel. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4527.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Daries H. Nutrition for Sport and Exercise. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.,; 2012.

An edited book

Townsend TG. Sustainable Practices for Landfill Design and Operation. (Powell J, Jain P, Xu Q, Tolaymat T, Reinhart D, eds.). Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Dinh TC, Sibony N. Dynamics in Several Complex Variables: Endomorphisms of Projective Spaces and Polynomial-like Mappings. In: Bedford E, Brunella M, Dinh TC, et al., eds. Holomorphic Dynamical Systems: Cetraro, Italy, July 7-12, 2008. Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Springer; 2010:165-294.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. Boiling Water On Mars Could Explain How Its Dark Streaks Form. IFLScience. May 2, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/boiling-water-mars-could-explain-how-its-dark-streaks-form/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Update on the Readiness of the Social Security Administration. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kolb JN. What’s Professional Development Got to Do with It? The Value of Lesson Study in Implementing the Common Core Standards for Mathematical Practices. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Burghardt LF. The Legacies They Left. New York Times. January 1, 2006:14LI6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery
Abbreviation	Arch. Facial Plast. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1521-2491
ISSN (online)	1538-3660
Scope	General Medicine Surgery