How to format your references using the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Benner SA. Natural progression. Nature. 2001;409(6819):459.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schultz RM, Williams CJ. The science of ART. Science. 2002;296(5576):2188-2190.

A journal article with 3 authors

Klahr D, Zimmerman C, Jirout J. Educational interventions to advance children’s scientific thinking. Science. 2011;333(6045):971-975.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hanikenne M, Talke IN, Haydon MJ, et al. Evolution of metal hyperaccumulation required cis-regulatory changes and triplication of HMA4. Nature. 2008;453(7193):391-395.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Runcie T, Dochtermann M. Making Effective Business Decisions Using Microsoft Project. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Yang SCM, Deng DM, Lin H, eds. Structural Analysis of Non-Classical Logics: The Proceedings of the Second Taiwan Philosophical Logic Colloquium. 1st ed. 2016. Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Meng E, Zhang X, Benard W. Additive Processes for Polymeric Materials. In: Ghodssi R, Lin P, eds. MEMS Materials and Processes Handbook. MEMS Reference Shelf. Springer US; 2011:193-271.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. We’re About To See Jupiter’s Poles In Detail For The First Time Ever. IFLScience. August 26, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/were-about-to-see-jupiters-poles-in-detail-for-the-first-time-ever/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Taxpayer Information: Data Sharing and Analysis May Enhance Tax Compliance and Improve Immigration Eligibility Decisions. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chaisson C. An Investigation of Lower Wilcox Group Coals in Portions of Avoyelles, Catahoula, Concordia, Grant, Lasalle, and Rapides Parishes, Louisiana. Doctoral dissertation. University of Louisiana; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. Spending Your Dollars in Europe: Soviet Union; Prices Are Wildly Irrational, but There Is Room to Maneuver. New York Times. August 4, 1991:526.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery
Abbreviation	Arch. Facial Plast. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1521-2491
ISSN (online)	1538-3660
Scope	General Medicine Surgery