How to format your references using the Arachne citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arachne. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brody, H. (2012): Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nature (489)7417: S1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jung, G.Y. & G. Stephanopoulos (2004): A functional protein chip for pathway optimization and in vitro metabolic engineering. Science (New York, N.Y.) (304)5669: 428–431.

A journal article with 3 authors

Xu, B., Q. Wang, et al. (2013): Bulk modulus for polar covalent crystals. Scientific reports (3): 3068.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Xu, Y., X. Tao, et al. (2000): Structural basis for signal transduction by the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domains. Nature (408)6808: 111–115.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Raczynski, S. (2006): Modeling and Simulation. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, England.

An edited book

Love, J.C. (2011): Skeletal Atlas of Child Abuse. S. M. Derrick and J. M. Wiersema (Eds). Humana Press, Totowa, NJ.

A chapter in an edited book

Krüger, R. & A. Stumpf (2013): Overcoming Growth Barriers. In: A. Stumpf (Ed), Brand Growth Barriers: Identify, Understand, and Overcome Them. Management for Professionals. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 75–107.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arachne.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2015): New Report Shows How Marine Mammals Are Thriving In Central London. IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-report-shows-how-marine-mammals-are-thriving-central-london/ (October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988): Civil Agency Aircraft: Agencies’ Use of Certain Aircraft to Transport Passengers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carrillo, J. (2010): Parenting education curriculum for single adolescent mothers in foster care. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. (1992): THE TRANSITION: The President-Elect; AFTER 13 MONTHS, CLINTON RELAXES. New York Times: 128.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Arachne
ISSN (print)	1613-2688
Scope