How to format your references using the Arabian Journal of Geosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arabian Journal of Geosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hla T (2005) Immunology. Dietary factors and immunological consequences. Science 309:1682–1683

A journal article with 2 authors

Coles P, Chiang LY (2000) Characterizing the nonlinear growth of large-scale structure in the Universe. Nature 406:376–378

A journal article with 3 authors

Gubbins D, Jones AL, Finlay CC (2006) Fall in Earth’s magnetic field is erratic. Science 312:900–902

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Santander-Syro AF, Copie O, Kondo T, et al (2011) Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO(3). Nature 469:189–193

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hitz B, Ewing JJ, Hecht J (2005) Introduction to Laser Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Wang F (ed) (2005) Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems - FORTE 2005: 25th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, October 2-5, 2005. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Stanković S, Orović I, Sejdić E (2012) Digital Image. In: Orović I, Sejdić E (eds) Multimedia Signals and Systems. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 133–198

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arabian Journal of Geosciences.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2017) Mars Looks Weirdly Different Everywhere We Look. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/mars-looks-weirdly-different-everywhere-we-look/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001) Intellectual Property: State Immunity in Infringement Actions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Boysen J (2008) The ESCRT machinery, required for endosomal trafficking, is a pH-signaling platform. Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M (1992) THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Democrats; Clinton Predicts Bush Will Trim Social Security. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hla 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Coles and Chiang 2000; Hla 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Coles and Chiang 2000)
Three or more authors: (Santander-Syro et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Arabian Journal of Geosciences
Abbreviation	Arab. J. Geosci.
ISSN (print)	1866-7511
ISSN (online)	1866-7538
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences General Environmental Science