How to format your references using the Arabian Journal of Geosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arabian Journal of Geosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Young KD (2014) Microbiology. A flipping cell wall ferry. Science 345:139–140

A journal article with 2 authors

Jinek M, Doudna JA (2009) A three-dimensional view of the molecular machinery of RNA interference. Nature 457:405–412

A journal article with 3 authors

Maharana C, Sharma KP, Sharma SK (2013) Feedback mechanism in depolarization-induced sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the hippocampus. Sci Rep 3:1103

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Knaut H, Werz C, Geisler R, et al (2003) A zebrafish homologue of the chemokine receptor Cxcr4 is a germ-cell guidance receptor. Nature 421:279–282

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hagen J (2017) Chemiereaktoren. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Yang L (2014) Spatio-Temporal Data Analytics for Wind Energy Integration. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Ramamurthy T, Nair GB (2007) Foodborne Pathogenic Vibrios. In: Simjee S (ed) Foodborne Diseases. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 115–156

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arabian Journal of Geosciences.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Elon Musk And Stephen Hawking Sign Open Letter In Hopes Of Preventing Robot Uprising. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/elon-musk-and-stephen-hawking-sign-letter-prevent-robot-uprising/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Highway Congestion: Intelligent Transportation Systems’ Promise for Managing Congestion Falls Short, and DOT Could Better Facilitate Their Strategic Use. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dill KD (2012) Nonparametric alternative to Poly-k test in animal tumorigenicity studies. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis J (2016) In Debt, but Undaunted, a Mother Finds Her Home. New York Times A28

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Young 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Jinek and Doudna 2009; Young 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jinek and Doudna 2009)
Three or more authors: (Knaut et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Arabian Journal of Geosciences
Abbreviation	Arab. J. Geosci.
ISSN (print)	1866-7511
ISSN (online)	1866-7538
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences General Environmental Science