How to format your references using the Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

May, P.W. (2008). Materials science. The new diamond age? Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5869), 1490–1491.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ottino, J.M. & Wiggins, S. (2004). Applied physics. Designing optimal micromixers. Science (New York, N.Y.), 305(5683), 485–486.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kramer, G., Guilbride, D.L. & Bukau, B. (2015). Cell Biology. Finding nascent proteins the right home. Science (New York, N.Y.), 348(6231), 182–183.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hartig, G., Churakov, G., Warren, W.C., Brosius, J., Makałowski, W. & Schmitz, J. (2013). Retrophylogenomics place tarsiers on the evolutionary branch of anthropoids. Scientific reports, 3, 1756.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Good, P.I. & Hardin, J.W. (2006). Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

García, S. (2015). Data Preprocessing in Data Mining, J Luengo and F Herrera, Eds. Springer International Publishing: Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Seffah, A. & Metzker, E. (2009). ACUE Architecture and Components. In: , Seffah A, & , Metzker E (eds). Adoption-centric Usability Engineering: Systematic Deployment, Assessment and Improvement of Usability Methods in Software Engineering. Springer: London, pp. 59–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2016). Yellowstone Microbe Piggybacks On Others To Steal Their Nutrients. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/yellowstone-microbe-piggybacks-on-others-to-steal-their-nutrients/ [Accessed 30 October 2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). Telecommunications: Telephone Slamming and Its Harmful Effects. U.S. Government Printing Office. Report number: OSI-98-10.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bradford, A. (2015). Internationalization Policy at the Genba: Exploring the Implementation of Social Science English-Taught Undergraduate Degree Programs in Three Japanese Universities. . Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman, J. (2017). Kangaroo Rats Outjump Rattlesnakes. New York Times, D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (May, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Ottino & Wiggins, 2004; May, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ottino & Wiggins, 2004)
Three authors: (Kramer, Guilbride & Bukau, 2015)
Four or more authors: (Hartig et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
Abbreviation	Aquat. Conserv.
ISSN (print)	1052-7613
ISSN (online)	1099-0755
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology Nature and Landscape Conservation