How to format your references using the Applied Spectroscopy Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Spectroscopy Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baker, S. (2011) Genomic medicine has failed the poor. Nature 478 (7369): 287.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhu, M., and Yu, X. (2002) A primitive fish close to the common ancestor of tetrapods and lungfish. Nature 418 (6899): 767–770.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, L., Lu, C., and Tieu, K. (2014) Atomistic simulation of tensile deformation behavior of ∑5 tilt grain boundaries in copper bicrystal. Sci. Rep. 4: 5919.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Yu, J.-T., Shi, Y.-Y., Sun, J., Lin, J., Huang, Z.-T., and Zheng, Q.-Y. (2013) Spontaneous chiral resolution directed by symmetry restriction and π-π interaction. Sci. Rep. 3: 2947.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Marsh, N. (2014) Forensic Photography. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Ciarimboli, G., Gautron, S., and Schlatter, E. eds. (2016) Organic Cation Transporters: Integration of Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology. 1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing: Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Penkova, T. (2014) Method of Wellbeing Estimation in Territory Management. In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2014: 14th International Conference, Guimarães, Portugal, June 30 – July 3, 2014, Proceedings, Part IV, Murgante, B., Misra, S., Rocha, A.M.A.C., Torre, C., Rocha, J.G., Falcão, M.I., Taniar, D., Apduhan, B.O., Gervasi, O., Eds., Springer International Publishing: Cham, pp 57–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Spectroscopy Reviews.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014) Our Ancient Reptile-Like Relatives Hunted at Night. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/our-ancient-reptile-relatives-hunted-night/ (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2006) Intermodal Transportation: Challenges to and Potential Strategies for Developing Improved Intermodal Capabilities. (GAO-06-855T).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lummus, S. (2010) Perceptions of required leadership behaviors for nurse leaders as measured by the Leadership Practices Inventory (Doctoral dissertation), Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Talmadge, C. (2017) A Military Budget Without a Plan. New York Times: A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Spectroscopy Reviews
Abbreviation	Appl. Spectrosc. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0570-4928
ISSN (online)	1520-569X
Scope	Spectroscopy Instrumentation