How to format your references using the Applied Spectroscopy Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Spectroscopy Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Giles, J. (2002) Attosecond science: the fast show. Nature 420 (6917): 737.

A journal article with 2 authors

Milutinovich, M., and Koshland, D. E. (2003) Molecular biology. SMC complexes--wrapped up in controversy. Science 300 (5622): 1101–1102.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yin, Y., Manoury, B., and Fåhraeus, R. (2003) Self-inhibition of synthesis and antigen presentation by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded EBNA1. Science 301 (5638): 1371–1374.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Yamada, K., Ji, J. J., Yuan, H., Miki, T., Sato, S., Horimoto, N., Shimizu, T., Seino, S., and Inagaki, N. (2001) Protective role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in hypoxia-induced generalized seizure. Science 292 (5521): 1543–1546.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Benslama, M., Boucenna, M. L., and Batatia, H. (2015) Ad Hoc Networks Telecommunications and Game Theory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Ausiello, G., and Petreschi, R. eds. (2013) The Power of Algorithms: Inspiration and Examples in Everyday Life. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

di Villa Bianca, R. D., Cirino, G., and Sorrentino, R. (2015) Hydrogen Sulfide and Urogenital Tract. In Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide, Moore, P.K., Whiteman, M., Eds., Springer International Publishing: Cham, pp 111–136.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Spectroscopy Reviews.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2017) Autistic People Are Three Times More Likely To Have Hallucinations. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/autistic-people-are-three-times-more-likely-to-have-hallucinations/ (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1983) Better Use of Information Technology Can Reduce the Burden of Federal Paperwork. (GGD-83-39).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Leonard Puppa, E. L. (2010) Duration of case management: Correlation with Medicaid pediatric patient outcomes (Doctoral dissertation), University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, M. J. O. (2015) The Best-Seller List 55 Years Ago. New York Times: C24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Spectroscopy Reviews
Abbreviation	Appl. Spectrosc. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0570-4928
ISSN (online)	1520-569X
Scope	Spectroscopy Instrumentation