How to format your references using the Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buckingham, S. (2004). Buying into the knowledge game. Nature, 428(6984), 775.

A journal article with 2 authors

Diaz, R. E., & Sebastian, T. (2013). Electromagnetic limits to radiofrequency (RF) neuronal telemetry. Scientific reports, 3, 3535.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rakitzis, T. P., van den Brom, A. J., & Janssen, M. H. M. (2004). Directional dynamics in the photodissociation of oriented molecules. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5665), 1852–1854.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Liang, W., Bockrath, M., Bozovic, D., Hafner, J. H., Tinkham, M., & Park, H. (2001). Fabry - Perot interference in a nanotube electron waveguide. Nature, 411(6838), 665–669.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Greenspan, D. (2008). Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH.

An edited book

Chremmos, I., Schwelb, O., & Uzunoglu, N. (Eds.). (2010). Photonic Microresonator Research and Applications (Vol. 156). Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Houlgate, S. (2005). Religion, Morality and Forgiveness in Hegel’s Philosophy. In W. Desmond, E.-O. Onnasch, & P. Cruysberghs (Eds.), Philosophy and Religion in German Idealism (pp. 81–110). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, June 12). The Secret Life of Native Bees. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/secret-life-native-bees/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). European Aeronautics: Strong Government Presence in Industry Structure and Research and Development Support (No. NSIAD-94-71). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carlson, D. L. (2014). BOUND/(bang) (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. (2016, October 14). This Means Something, as Well as Something Else. New York Times, p. C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Buckingham 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Buckingham 2004; Diaz and Sebastian 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Diaz and Sebastian 2013)
Three or more authors: (Liang et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
Abbreviation	Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback
ISSN (print)	1090-0586
ISSN (online)	1573-3270
Scope	Applied Psychology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology