How to format your references using the Applied Network Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Network Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Davis B (2011) Education. Mathematics teachers’ subtle, complex disciplinary knowledge. Science 332:1506–1507

A journal article with 2 authors

Testa G, Harris J (2004) Genetics. Ethical aspects of ES cell-derived gametes. Science 305:1719

A journal article with 3 authors

Yonekura K, Maki-Yonekura S, Namba K (2003) Complete atomic model of the bacterial flagellar filament by electron cryomicroscopy. Nature 424:643–650

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Whiten A, McGrew WC, Aiello LC, et al (2010) Studying extant species to model our past. Science 327:410; author reply 410-1

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Birla R (2014) Introduction to Tissue Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Tan A-G (ed) (2013) Creativity, Talent and Excellence. Springer, Singapore

A chapter in an edited book

Kiayias A, Osmanoglu M, Tang Q (2015) Graded Signatures. In: Lopez J, Mitchell CJ (eds) Information Security: 18th International Conference, ISC 2015, Trondheim, Norway, September 9-11, 2015, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 61–80

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Network Science.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2015) It’s Been 20 Years Since We Found The First “True” Planet Outside Our Solar System. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/its-20-years-we-found-first-true-planet-outside-solar-system/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Comments on Proposed FPR Subpart. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Naughton CC (2013) Assessing Appropriate Technology Handwashing Stations in Mali, West Africa. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2006) On Nassau Ballot, an Open-Space Bond Issue. New York Times 14LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Davis 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Testa and Harris 2004; Davis 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Testa and Harris 2004)
Three or more authors: (Whiten et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Network Science
Abbreviation	Appl. Netw. Sci.
ISSN (online)	2364-8228
Scope