How to format your references using the Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Watanabe M (2004) Material gains. Nature 432:532–533

A journal article with 2 authors

Istvan ES, Deisenhofer J (2001) Structural mechanism for statin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. Science 292:1160–1164

A journal article with 3 authors

Raj K, Ogston P, Beard P (2001) Virus-mediated killing of cells that lack p53 activity. Nature 412:914–917

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Carlson CM, Endrizzi BT, Wu J, Ding X, Weinreich MA, Walsh ER, Wani MA, Lingrel JB, Hogquist KA, Jameson SC (2006) Kruppel-like factor 2 regulates thymocyte and T-cell migration. Nature 442:299–302

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hunt-Ahmed K (2013) Contemporary Islamic Finance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Kelemen J, Kelemenová A (eds) (2011) Computation, Cooperation, and Life: Essays Dedicated to Gheorghe Păun on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Zileli M (2014) Surgery for Kyphosis. In: Schramm J (ed) Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery: Volume 41. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 71–103

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) What’s The Difference Between An Outbreak And An Epidemic? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-s-difference-between-outbreak-and-epidemic/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Proprietary Schools: Millions Spent to Train Students for Oversupplied Occupations. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Altebarmakian T (2012) Salt of the Skin. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2007) One Stop for Homey or Haute. New York Times 14NJ14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Watanabe 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Istvan and Deisenhofer 2001; Watanabe 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Istvan and Deisenhofer 2001)
Three or more authors: (Carlson et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Abbreviation	Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
ISSN (print)	0175-7598
ISSN (online)	1432-0614
Scope	Biotechnology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology General Medicine