How to format your references using the Applied Geography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Geography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mayer, J.-P. (2007). All things being equal. Nature, 447(7142), 352.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nisbet, E. G., & Sleep, N. H. (2001). The habitat and nature of early life. Nature, 409(6823), 1083–1091.

A journal article with 3 authors

Storch, D., Keil, P., & Jetz, W. (2012). Universal species-area and endemics-area relationships at continental scales. Nature, 488(7409), 78–81.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

King, A., Johnson, G., Engelberg, D., Ludwig, W., & Marrow, J. (2008). Observations of intergranular stress corrosion cracking in a grain-mapped polycrystal. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5887), 382–385.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kula, G., Raab, M., & Stahn, S. (2017). Beyond Smart Beta. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Herkersdorf, A., Römer, K., & Brinkschulte, U. (Eds.). (2012). Architecture of Computing Systems – ARCS 2012: 25th International Conference, Munich, Germany, February 28 - March 2, 2012. Proceedings (Vol. 7179). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kagan, V. E., Rao, K. M. K., Kisin, E. R., Young, S.-H., Meighan, T., Murray, A. R., Tyurina, Y. Y., Castranova, V., & Shvedova, A. A. (2007). Pulmonary Effects of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Inflammatory Response, Oxidative Stress/Signaling, and Recognition by Macrophages. In P. P. Simeonova, N. Opopol, & M. I. Luster (Eds.), Nanotechnology – Toxicological Issues and Environmental Safety and Environmental Safety (pp. 65–75). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Geography.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2015, September 10). Scientists Fed Volunteers 6,000 Calories For Science. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-fed-volunteers-6000-calories-day-better-understand-diabetes/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1969). Practices Followed in Equipping Academic Facilities Constructed Under the Higher Education Facilities Act (092710). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lingley-Papadopoulos, C. A. (2008). Image analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography images of the urinary bladder for the recognition of bladder cancer [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2007, February 4). Suffolk Bill Focuses On Day Laborers. New York Times, 14LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mayer, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Mayer, 2007; Nisbet & Sleep, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nisbet & Sleep, 2001)
Three authors: (Storch et al., 2012)
6 or more authors: (King et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Geography
Abbreviation	Appl. Geogr.
ISSN (print)	0143-6228
Scope	Forestry Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management General Environmental Science Geography, Planning and Development