How to format your references using the Applied Geography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Geography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Triendl, R. (2002). Computerized role models. Nature, 417(6892), 7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kellner, A. W. A., & Campos, D. de A. (2002). The function of the cranial crest and jaws of a unique pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5580), 389–392.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rai, A., Menon, A. V., & Jalan, S. (2014). Randomness and preserved patterns in cancer network. Scientific Reports, 4, 6368.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Kim, J. Y., Magesh, G., Youn, D. H., Jang, J.-W., Kubota, J., Domen, K., & Lee, J. S. (2013). Single-crystalline, wormlike hematite photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting. Scientific Reports, 3, 2681.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lader, E. W. (2013). Field Guide to the Arrhythmias. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An edited book

Choudhury, S. M. A. A. (2008). Diagnosis of Process Nonlinearities and Valve Stiction: Data Driven Approaches (S. L. Shah & N. F. Thornhill, Eds.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Moghrabi, I. A. R., & Al-Mohammed, A. R. (2016). Social Media or Social Business Networks? In Y. K. Dwivedi, M. Mäntymäki, M. N. Ravishankar, M. Janssen, M. Clement, E. L. Slade, N. P. Rana, S. Al-Sharhan, & A. C. Simintiras (Eds.), Social Media: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: 15th IFIP WG 6.11 Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society, I3E 2016, Swansea, UK, September 13–15, 2016, Proceedings (pp. 42–52). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Geography.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2017, February 16). Do Vitamin D Supplements Really Prevent Cold And Flu Infections? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/vitamind-d-supplements-prevent-cold-flu-infections/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1981). Information on Prime Sponsor CETA Expenditures Related to Membership Organizations (HRD-82-5). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cleveland, J. D. (2014). A comparative study of genetic diversities among exploited flatfishes of the California Slope with emphasis on Dover sole (Microstomus pacificus) [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yancy, G. (2016, November 30). I Am a Dangerous Professor. New York Times, SR7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Triendl, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Kellner & Campos, 2002; Triendl, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kellner & Campos, 2002)
Three authors: (Rai et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Kim et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Geography
Abbreviation	Appl. Geogr.
ISSN (print)	0143-6228
Scope	Forestry Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management General Environmental Science Geography, Planning and Development