How to format your references using the Antonie van Leeuwenhoek citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Check E (2004) Retraction signals end of cell-biology debate. Nature 427:574

A journal article with 2 authors

Joughin I, Tulaczyk S (2002) Positive mass balance of the Ross Ice Streams, West Antarctica. Science 295:476–480

A journal article with 3 authors

Tatar M, Bartke A, Antebi A (2003) The endocrine regulation of aging by insulin-like signals. Science 299:1346–1351

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chen Q, Wei C, Zhang Y, et al (2014) Single-crystalline hyperbranched nanostructure of iron hydroxyl phosphate Fe5(PO4)4(OH)3·2H2O for highly selective capture of phosphopeptides. Sci Rep 4:3753

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bonneau D, Fatu A, Souchet D (2014) Internal Combustion Engine Bearings Lubrication in Hydrodynamic Bearings. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Karplus VJ (2008) Agricultural Biotechnology in China: Origins and Prospects. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Krüger R, Stumpf A (2013) Understanding Growth Barriers. In: Stumpf A (ed) Brand Growth Barriers: Identify, Understand, and Overcome Them. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 51–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Stories From The Sky: Astronomy In Indigenous Knowledge. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/stories-sky-astronomy-indigenous-knowledge/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) Analysis of “Florida’s Fair Share.” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McKenzie NJ (2012) African/Black psychology: A qualitative investigation of distinguished Black psychologists. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S (2001) The “Roswell” Army Fights for Its Show on the Web. New York Times 232

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Check 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Joughin and Tulaczyk 2002; Check 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Joughin and Tulaczyk 2002)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Abbreviation	Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
ISSN (print)	0003-6072
ISSN (online)	1572-9699
Scope	Molecular Biology Microbiology General Medicine