How to format your references using the Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Batty M. The size, scale, and shape of cities. Science. 2008 Feb 8;319(5864):769–71.

A journal article with 2 authors

Baumann P, Cech TR. Pot1, the putative telomere end-binding protein in fission yeast and humans. Science. 2001 May 11;292(5519):1171–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Merritt D, Ferrarese L, Joseph CL. No supermassive black hole in M33? Science. 2001 Aug 10;293(5532):1116–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Shahbazi MN, Scialdone A, Skorupska N, Weberling A, Recher G, Zhu M, et al. Erratum: Pluripotent state transitions coordinate morphogenesis in mouse and human embryos. Nature. 2018 Feb 28;555(7694):126.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bagdonavičius V, Julius K, Nikulin MS. Non-parametric Tests for Complete Data. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2011.

An edited book

Lasek W. Interleukin 12: Antitumor Activity and Immunotherapeutic Potential in Oncology. Zagozdzon R, editor. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. VII, 75 p. 6 illus. (SpringerBriefs in Immunology).

A chapter in an edited book

Jiang B, Li J, Guo B. Research on Simulation of Inter-satellite Link Based on the Navigating Constellation. In: Shen R, Qian W, editors. Proceedings of the 27th Conference of Spacecraft TT&C Technology in China: Wider Space for TT&C. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2015. p. 37–47. (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Physicists Demonstrate “Weeping Angel” Effect. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/physicists-demonstrate-weeping-angel-effect/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Spectrum Management: Federal Government’s Use of Spectrum and Preliminary Information on Spectrum Sharing. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Sep. Report No.: GAO-12-1018T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Adams CA. Impact of water management and agronomic practices on the performance of insecticide seed treatments against rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, in Mississippi rice [Doctoral dissertation]. [Mississippi State, MS]: Mississippi State University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Dodgers Crush Cubs, Winning Pennant for the First Time Since 1988. New York Times. 2017 Oct 20;B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology
Abbreviation	Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol.
ISSN (print)	0003-4894
Scope	General Medicine Otorhinolaryngology