How to format your references using the Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Marx V. When disease strikes from nowhere. Nature. 2014;513:445–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Lingwood D, Simons K. Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010;327:46–50.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Wada S, Oishi M, Yamada TK. A newly discovered species of living baleen whale. Nature. 2003;426:278–81.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Pal SK, Itkis ME, Tham FS, Reed RW, Oakley RT, Haddon RC. Resonating valence-bond ground state in a phenalenyl-based neutral radical conductor. Science. 2005;309:281–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Naylor W, Laverty D, Mallett J. The Royal Marsden Hospital Handbook of Wound Management in Cancer Care. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

1. Maziero CA, Gabriel Silva J, Andrade AMS, Assis Silva FM de, editors. Dependable Computing: Second Latin-American Symposium, LADC 2005, Salvador, Brazil, October 25-28, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Crabtree NJ, Kent K. Acquisition of DXA in Children and Adolescents. In: Fung EB, Bachrach LK, Sawyer AJ, editors. Bone Health Assessment in Pediatrics: Guidelines for Clinical Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 89–114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Is Your Sleep App Keeping You Up At Night? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/your-sleep-app-keeping-you-night/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Rail Safety and Security: Some Actions Already Taken to Enhance Rail Security, but Risk-based Plan Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003 Apr. Report No.: GAO-03-435.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Giuseffi FG. Investigation of the Influence of the Socratic Method on Leadership Skills among JROTC Cadet Leaders at a Military Boarding School [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Cave D. Making History With Breast-Fed Meal in Parliament. New York Times. 2017 May 11;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Abbreviation	Ann. Occup. Environ. Med.
ISSN (online)	2052-4374
Scope