How to format your references using the Annals of General Psychiatry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of General Psychiatry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Stein RS. Geoscience. Tidal triggering caught in the act. Science. 2004;305:1248–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kirchmaier AL, Rine J. DNA replication-independent silencing in S. cerevisiae. Science. 2001;291:646–50.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Barnes SE, Ieda J, Maekawa S. Rashba spin-orbit anisotropy and the electric field control of magnetism. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4105.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. de Gouw JA, Middlebrook AM, Warneke C, Ahmadov R, Atlas EL, Bahreini R, et al. Organic aerosol formation downwind from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Science. 2011;331:1295–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Wang J-J. Hydraulic Fracturing in Earth-Rock Fill DAMS. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, Singapore Pte. Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Kwiecień A, Gaj P, Stera P, editors. Computer Networks: 17th Conference, CN 2010, Ustroń, Poland, June 15-19, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Prokou E. University Reform in Greece: A Shift from Intrinsic to Extrinsic Values. In: Mattheou D, editor. Changing Educational Landscapes: Educational Policies, Schooling Systems and Higher Education - a comparative perspective. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010. p. 59–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of General Psychiatry.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. Scientists Thought The Moon Had Volcanic Activity Recently. They Were Probably Wrong [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-moon-was-not-as-volcanically-active-recently-as-we-thought/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Basic Agreements With Educational Institutions or Nonprofit Organizations for Award of Research and Development Contracts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Nov. Report No.: B-200941.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Aquino-Centeno S. Contesting social memories and identities in the Zapotec Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Qiu L. Across the Spectrum, Conspiracy Talk Is Rife. New York Times. 2017 Apr 11;A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of General Psychiatry
Abbreviation	Ann. Gen. Psychiatry
ISSN (online)	1744-859X
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health