How to format your references using the Annals of Forest Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Forest Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Turrigiano G (2014) Neurobiology: Keeping a lid on it. Nature 511:297–298

A journal article with 2 authors

Wignall AE, Herberstein ME (2013) Male courtship vibrations delay predatory behaviour in female spiders. Sci Rep 3:3557

A journal article with 3 authors

Wu M-H, Wan L-Z, Zhang Y-Q (2014) A novel sodium N-fatty acyl amino acid surfactant using silkworm pupae as stock material. Sci Rep 4:4428

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Painter HJ, Morrisey JM, Mather MW, Vaidya AB (2007) Specific role of mitochondrial electron transport in blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 446:88–91

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bragg SM (2013) Accounting Best Practices. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey

An edited book

Nedjah N, Mourelle L de M, Alba E (eds) (2006) Parallel Evolutionary Computations. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Glaßer C, Pavan A, Selman AL, Zhang L (2006) Mitosis in Computational Complexity. In: Cai J-Y, Cooper SB, Li A (eds) Theory and Applications of Models of Computation: Third International Conference, TAMC 2006, Beijing, China, May 15-20, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 61–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Forest Science.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) It’s the Final Countdown! Juno is now Only a Year Away from Orbiting Jupiter. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/its-final-countdown-juno-rover-now-only-year-away-orbiting-jupiter/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Business Systems Modernization: IRS Needs to Complete Recent Efforts to Develop Policies and Procedures to Guide Requirements Development and Management. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Martinez JC (2015) Theoretically tested remediation in response to insect resistance to Bt corn and Bt cotton: A new paradigm. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Savodnik P (2012) ‘Their First Lenny Bruce Could Be Coming.’ New York Times MM34

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Turrigiano 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Wignall and Herberstein 2013; Turrigiano 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wignall and Herberstein 2013)
Three or more authors: (Painter et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Forest Science
Abbreviation	Ann. For. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1286-4560
ISSN (online)	1297-966X
Scope	Forestry Ecology