How to format your references using the Annals of Clinical Biochemistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Clinical Biochemistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ghahramani Z. Probabilistic machine learning and artificial intelligence. Nature. 2015 May 28;521(7553):452–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ouyang M, Awschalom DD. Coherent spin transfer between molecularly bridged quantum dots. Science. 2003 Aug 22;301(5636):1074–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jiang G, Kennedy MJ, Christie-Blick N. Stable isotopic evidence for methane seeps in Neoproterozoic postglacial cap carbonates. Nature. 2003 Dec 18;426(6968):822–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Crockett MJ, Clark L, Tabibnia G, Lieberman MD, Robbins TW. Serotonin modulates behavioral reactions to unfairness. Science. 2008 Jun 27;320(5884):1739.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bai Y. Practical Database Programming with Visual Basic.NET. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

Kowarik I, Körner S, editors. Wild Urban Woodlands: New Perspectives for Urban Forestry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. XVI, 300 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Sousa JP, Balan RK, Poladian V, Garlan D, Satyanarayanan M. A Software Infrastructure for User–Guided Quality–of–Service Tradeoffs. In: Cordeiro J, Shishkov B, Ranchordas A, Helfert M, editors. Software and Data Technologies: Third International Conference, ICSOFT 2008, Porto, Portugal, July 22-24, 2008, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 48–61. (Communications in Computer and Information Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Clinical Biochemistry.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015. These Two Black Holes Are On The Brink Of Merging Into One.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Airline Deregulation: Reregulating the Airline Industry Would Likely Reverse Consumer Benefits and Not Save Airline Pensions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Jun. Report No.: GAO-06-630.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mullican CD. Multiple Intelligences in the Text: Examining the Presence of Multiple Intelligences Tasks in the Annotated Teacher’s Editions of Four High School United States History Textbooks [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tampa, FL]: University of South Florida; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stack L, Schweber N. 2 Shot by Undercover New York City Officer in Westchester. New York Times. 2015 Aug 29;A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Clinical Biochemistry
Abbreviation	Ann. Clin. Biochem.
ISSN (print)	0004-5632
ISSN (online)	1758-1001
Scope	Clinical Biochemistry General Medicine