How to format your references using the Annals of Applied Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Applied Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Graves J.A.M. (2005) Genomics. Recycling the Y chromosome. Science (New York, N.Y.), 307, 50–51.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wilson C.G., Sherman P.W. (2010) Anciently asexual bdelloid rotifers escape lethal fungal parasites by drying up and blowing away. Science (New York, N.Y.), 327, 574–576.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fang Y., Seong N.-H., Dlott D.D. (2008) Measurement of the distribution of site enhancements in surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321, 388–392.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sikes E.L., Samson C.R., Guilderson T.P., Howard W.R. (2000) Old radiocarbon ages in the southwest Pacific Ocean during the last glacial period and deglaciation. Nature, 405, 555–559.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bender H.F. (2002) Das Gefahrstoffbuch. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Desai B., Allen B. eds. (2016) Nailing the Written Emergency Medicine Board Examination. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

de Amorim R.C., Fenner T. (2012) Weighting Features for Partition around Medoids Using the Minkowski Metric, In Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis XI: 11th International Symposium, IDA 2012, Helsinki, Finland, October 25-27, 2012. Proceedings, pp. 35–44. Eds J. Hollmén, F. Klawonn, and A. Tucker. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Applied Biology.

Blog post

Hale T. (2017) Why Do So Many People Sneeze When They Look At The Sun? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-do-so-many-people-sneeze-when-they-look-at-the-sun/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) Telecommunications Network: NASA Could Better Manage Its Planned Consolidation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reynolds P.R. (2004) Midkine (MK) Regulates Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling During Hypoxia. Doctoral dissertation. Cincinnati, OH: University of Cincinnati.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. (2005) QUICK BITE: Cranford; Cranford Didn’t Get the Olympics, Either. New York Times, 14NJ13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Graves, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Graves, 2005; Wilson & Sherman, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wilson & Sherman, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Sikes et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Applied Biology
Abbreviation	Ann. Appl. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0003-4746
ISSN (online)	1744-7348
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science