How to format your references using the Annals of Applied Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Applied Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bernstein R. (2015) The health of those who study health. Science (New York, N.Y.), 348, 1506.

A journal article with 2 authors

Castro J.M., Dingwell D.B. (2009) Rapid ascent of rhyolitic magma at Chaitén volcano, Chile. Nature, 461, 780–783.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ismail-Zadeh A., Honda S., Tsepelev I. (2013) Linking mantle upwelling with the lithosphere descent [corrected] and the Japan Sea evolution: a hypothesis. Scientific reports, 3, 1137.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Claes J.M., Dean M.N., Nilsson D.-E., Hart N.S., Mallefet J. (2013) A deepwater fish with ’lightsabers’--dorsal spine-associated luminescence in a counterilluminating lanternshark. Scientific reports, 3, 1308.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vitale J., Len I.H. (2008) Zero Limits. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Grünig R. (2013) Successful Decision-Making: A Systematic Approach to Complex Problems 3rd ed. 2013. Ed R. Kühn. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Paleolog E., Akhavani M.A. (2008) The lymphocyte in inflammatory angiogenesis, In Angiogenesis in Inflammation: Mechanisms and Clinical Correlates, pp. 45–57. Eds M. P. Seed and D. A. Walsh. Basel: Birkhäuser.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Applied Biology.

Blog post

Andrew D. (2017) Our ‘Selfish’ Genes Contain The Seeds Of Our Destruction – But There Might Be A Fix. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/our-selfish-genes-contain-the-seeds-of-our-destruction-but-there-might-be-a-fix/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) Telecommunications Network: NASA Could Better Manage Its Planned Consolidation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carrillo J. (2010) Parenting education curriculum for single adolescent mothers in foster care. Doctoral dissertation. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. (2011) A Love Story Affirmed Life In Time of War. New York Times, SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bernstein, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Bernstein, 2015; Castro & Dingwell, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Castro & Dingwell, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Claes et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Applied Biology
Abbreviation	Ann. Appl. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0003-4746
ISSN (online)	1744-7348
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science