How to format your references using the American Journal of Veterinary Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Veterinary Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Bowie JU. Solving the membrane protein folding problem. Nature 2005;438:581–589.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Win MN, Smolke CD. Higher-order cellular information processing with synthetic RNA devices. Science 2008;322:456–460.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Halpern BS, Cottenie K, Broitman BR. Strong top-down control in southern California kelp forest ecosystems. Science 2006;312:1230–1232.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Neff U, Burns SJ, Mangini A, et al. Strong coherence between solar variability and the monsoon in Oman between 9 and 6 kyr ago. Nature 2001;411:290–293.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Rounds J, Segner R. Construction Supervision. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Gouillart F. The Co-Creation Edge: Harnessing Big Data to Transform Sales and Procurement for Business Innovation. (Quancard B, ed.). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Degiorgio V, Cristiani I. Dispositivi a semiconduttore. In: Cristiani I, ed. Note di fotonica. Milano: Springer, 2012;125–146.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Veterinary Research.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Space Telescope Reveals Predecessors of Giant Stars and Mysterious Ring. IFLScience 2014. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/space-telescope-reveals-predecessors-giant-stars-and-mysterious-ring/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Highway Safety: Factors Contributing to Traffic Crashes and NHTSA’s Efforts to Address Them. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Hayen CJ. Canine-Assisted Psychotherapy: Finding the Way Back to Our Animal Soul. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sisario B. Ariana Grande To Perform Benefit. New York Times. May 26, 2017:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Veterinary Research
Abbreviation	Am. J. Vet. Res.
ISSN (print)	0002-9645
ISSN (online)	1943-5681
Scope	General Medicine General Veterinary