How to format your references using the American Journal of Translational Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Translational Research (AJTR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ferrini-Mundy J. Science education. Driven by diversity. Science 2013; 340:278.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ruhl HA, Smith KL Jr. Shifts in deep-sea community structure linked to climate and food supply. Science 2004; 305:513–515.

A journal article with 3 authors

Huxter J, Burgess N, O’Keefe J. Independent rate and temporal coding in hippocampal pyramidal cells. Nature 2003; 425:828–832.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lifshitz Y, Duan XF, Shang NG, Li Q, Wan L, Bello I, Lee ST. Nanostructure. Epitaxial diamond polytypes on silicon. Nature 2001; 412:404.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mariño PP. Optimization of Computer Networks - Modeling and Algorithms. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Elarabi T. Real-Time Heterogeneous Video Transcoding for Low-Power Applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Jaroszewicz LR, Kurzych A, Krajewski Z, Kowalski JK, Teisseyre KP. FOSREM: Fibre-Optic System for Rotational Events and Phenomena Monitoring: Construction, Investigation and Area of Application. In: Zembaty Z, De Stefano M, editors. Seismic Behaviour and Design of Irregular and Complex Civil Structures II. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 49–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Translational Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. Stunning Hubble Image Of The Birth Of A Star. IFLScience 2014; .

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: The District of Columbia Remains Behind Schedule. 1999; .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cagle West M. Effective software engineering leadership for development programs. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Justices, 5 to 4, Overturn 3 Texas Death Sentences. New York Times 2007; A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Translational Research
ISSN (online)	1943-8141
Scope