How to format your references using the American Journal of Roentgenology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lubensky TC. LIQUID CRYSTALS: New Banana Phases. Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2146–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Watson-Capps JJ, Cech TR. Academia and industry: Companies on campus. Nature. 2014 Oct 16;514(7522):297–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Geremia JM, Stockton JK, Mabuchi H. Real-time quantum feedback control of atomic spin-squeezing. Science. 2004 Apr 9;304(5668):270–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ding Z, Liu S, Wang X, Khaidakov M, Dai Y, Mehta JL. Oxidant stress in mitochondrial DNA damage, autophagy and inflammation in atherosclerosis. Sci Rep. 2013 Jan 16;3:1077.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vitale J, Len IH. Zero Limits. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2008.

An edited book

Schmidt AU, Russello G, Krontiris I, Lian S, editors. Security and Privacy in Mobile Information and Communication Systems: 4th International Conference, MobiSec 2012, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, June 25-26, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. VIII, 130 p. 29 illus. (Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering; vol. 107).

A chapter in an edited book

Buelga S, Martínez-Ferrer B, Musitu G. Family Relationships and Cyberbullying. In: Navarro R, Yubero S, Larrañaga E, editors. Cyberbullying Across the Globe: Gender, Family, and Mental Health. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 99–114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Roentgenology.

Blog post

Fang J. How Do You Sex Dinosaurs? Look at Their Tails [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-do-you-sex-dinosaurs-look-their-tails/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Fiscal Year 2008 Highway Trust Fund Excise Taxes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008 Nov. Report No.: GAO-09-91R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schiffbauer LW. The pursuit of self-esteem: A help or a hindrance in thriving in the workplace? [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. They Sing and Dance, but This Isn’t “La La Land’. New York Times. 2017 Feb 16;C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Roentgenology
Abbreviation	AJR Am. J. Roentgenol.
ISSN (print)	0361-803X
ISSN (online)	1546-3141
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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