How to format your references using the American Journal of Public Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Public Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Haucke V. Cell biology: On the endocytosis rollercoaster. Nature. 2015;517(7535):446-447.

A journal article with 2 authors

Oh M, Mirkin CA. Chemically tailorable colloidal particles from infinite coordination polymers. Nature. 2005;438(7068):651-654.

A journal article with 3 authors

Allison KR, Brynildsen MP, Collins JJ. Metabolite-enabled eradication of bacterial persisters by aminoglycosides. Nature. 2011;473(7346):216-220.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kuznicki SM, Bell VA, Nair S, et al. A titanosilicate molecular sieve with adjustable pores for size-selective adsorption of molecules. Nature. 2001;412(6848):720-724.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gray DRJM, Al-Ani DMZ. Temporomandibular Disorders. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2011.

An edited book

Chirikjian GS, Choset H, Morales M, Murphey T, eds. Algorithmic Foundation of Robotics VIII: Selected Contributions of the Eight International Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics. Vol 57. Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Piattoni S. Exploring European Union Macro-regional Strategies through the Lens of Multilevel Governance. In: Gänzle S, Kern K, eds. A ‘Macro-Regional’ Europe in the Making: Theoretical Approaches and Empirical Evidence. Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016:75-97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Public Health.

Blog post

Andrew E. Amazing Vine of Aurora Borealis As Seen By ISS. IFLScience. Published July 4, 2014. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/amazing-vine-aurora-borealis-seen-iss/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Bankruptcy Reform: Value of Credit Counseling Requirement Is Not Clear. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

France KA. Triadic Supervision: An Exploration of Supervisors’ Perceptions, Experiences and Practices. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. Betting on Zero. New York Times. March 16, 2017:C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Public Health
Abbreviation	Am. J. Public Health
ISSN (print)	0090-0036
ISSN (online)	1541-0048
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health