How to format your references using the American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tilgner E. Mantophasmatodea: a new insect order? Science 297: 731; discussion 731, 2002.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gokhale VJ, Rais-Zadeh M. Phonon-electron interactions in piezoelectric semiconductor bulk acoustic wave resonators. Sci Rep 4: 5617, 2014.

A journal article with 3 authors

Batson PE, Dellby N, Krivanek OL. Sub-ångstrom resolution using aberration corrected electron optics. Nature 418: 617–620, 2002.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Doyle MR, Davis SJ, Bastow RM, McWatters HG, Kozma-Bognár L, Nagy F, Millar AJ, Amasino RM. The ELF4 gene controls circadian rhythms and flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature 419: 74–77, 2002.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pommier S, Gravouil A, Combescure A, Moës N. Extended Finite Element Method for Crack Propagation. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013.

An edited book

Kerschen G, editor. Nonlinear Dynamics, Volume 1: Proceedings of the 34th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Özkaya E, Yazganoğlu KD. Class I Antiarrhythmic Drugs. In: Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions to Cardiovascular Drugs, edited by Yazganoğlu KD. London: Springer, 2014, p. 99–109.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.

Blog post

Andrew E. The Biggest Source of Plastic Trash You’ve Never Heard Of [Online]. IFLScience IFLScience: 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/biggest-source-plastic-trash-you-ve-never-heard/ [30 Oct. 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Use of Information Technology in Hospitals. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Delisio JP. Fighting For A Cure: The Berry Plan’s Impact on Civilian Medical Research. George Washington University: 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Bronze Star: Gregg LeFevre Is the City’s Busiest Public Sculptor. New York Times: 148, 2003.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2, 4).
This sentence cites four references (2, 4, 6, 8).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
Abbreviation	Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.
ISSN (print)	0193-1857
ISSN (online)	1522-1547
Scope	Physiology Gastroenterology Hepatology Physiology (medical)