How to format your references using the American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brouns SJJ. Molecular biology. A Swiss army knife of immunity. Science 337: 808–809, 2012.

A journal article with 2 authors

Klein ML, Shinoda W. Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of self-assembling systems. Science 321: 798–800, 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dobson DP, Meredith PG, Boon SA. Simulation of subduction zone seismicity by dehydration of serpentine. Science 298: 1407–1410, 2002.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Halic M, Gartmann M, Schlenker O, Mielke T, Pool MR, Sinning I, Beckmann R. Signal recognition particle receptor exposes the ribosomal translocon binding site. Science 312: 745–747, 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ma AD, Roberts HR, Escobar MA. Hemophilia and Hemostasis. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012.

An edited book

Shukla SK, Talpin J-P, editors. Synthesis of Embedded Software: Frameworks and Methodologies for Correctness by Construction. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen H, Zeng D, Yan P. Data Visualization, Information Dissemination, and Alerting. In: Infectious Disease Informatics: Syndromic Surveillance for Public Health and BioDefense, edited by Zeng D, Yan P. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010, p. 73–87.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.

Blog post

Hale T. This Blue or Green Spectrum Illusion Depends On How Your Brain Perceives Color [Online]. IFLScience IFLScience: 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/this-blue-or-green-spectrum-illusion-depends-on-how-your-brain-perceives-color/ [30 Oct. 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: Surveillance Radar Request for the Cherry Capital Airport. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grimpo M. How asthma is related with the rate of influenza vaccination in California’s children. California State University, Long Beach: 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. DeGrom, a Mets Constant in This Season’s Rotation, Stymies the Giants. New York Times: SP4, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2, 4).
This sentence cites four references (2, 4, 6, 8).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
Abbreviation	Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.
ISSN (print)	0193-1857
ISSN (online)	1522-1547
Scope	Physiology Gastroenterology Hepatology Physiology (medical)