How to format your references using the American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jewkes R. HIV/AIDS. Gender inequities must be addressed in HIV prevention. Science 329: 145–147, 2010.

A journal article with 2 authors

Forster P, Renfrew C. Evolution. Mother tongue and Y chromosomes. Science 333: 1390–1391, 2011.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bhagat D, Samanta SK, Bhattacharya S. Efficient management of fruit pests by pheromone nanogels. Sci Rep 3: 1294, 2013.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang H, Yang B, Pomerantz RJ, Zhang C, Arunachalam SC, Gao L. The cytidine deaminase CEM15 induces hypermutation in newly synthesized HIV-1 DNA. Nature 424: 94–98, 2003.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Makower T. Touching the City. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014.

An edited book

Bee Dagum E. Seasonal Adjustment Methods and Real Time Trend-Cycle Estimation. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Edwards PG. An Examination of Candidate AGN Counterparts to Unidentified EGRET Sources. In: Multiwavelength Approach to Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources: A Second Workshop on the Nature of the High-Energy Unidentified Sources, edited by Cheng KS, Romero GE. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005, p. 31–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism.

Blog post

Andrew E. Nobel Prize Awarded To Scientists Who Identified The Brain’s “GPS System” [Online]. IFLScience IFLScience: 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/nobel-prize-awarded-scientists-who-identified-brains-gps-system/ [30 Oct. 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Basic Educational Opportunity Grant Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dillon KS. Social support to families of children with special needs: A grant. California State University, Long Beach: 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Marguerite Kelly; Marguerite Kelly is a syndicated columnist, the co-author of “‘The Mother’s Almanac’” (Doubleday). TAKING TOYS SERIOUSLY. New York Times: 646, 1985.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2, 4).
This sentence cites four references (2, 4, 6, 8).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
Abbreviation	Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.
ISSN (print)	0193-1849
ISSN (online)	1522-1555
Scope	Physiology Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Physiology (medical)