How to format your references using the American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tammaro P. Journal club. A physiologist notes the similarities between animal and plant electricity. Nature 458: 11, 2009.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schreiber H, Rowley DA. Cancer. Quo vadis, specificity? Science 319: 164–165, 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

Emile O, Le Floch A, Vollrath F. Biopolymers: shape memory in spider draglines. Nature 440: 621, 2006.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Maritan A, Micheletti C, Trovato A, Banavar JR. Optimal shapes of compact strings. Nature 406: 287–290, 2000.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Held T. In-situ-Verfahren zur Boden- und Grundwassersanierung. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014.

An edited book

Marcal PV, Yamagata N, editors. Design and Analysis of Reinforced Fiber Composites. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Natsume K. Brain-Inspired e-Learning System Using EEG. In: Neural Information Processing: 20th International Conference, ICONIP 2013, Daegu, Korea, November 3-7, 2013. Proceedings, Part III, edited by Lee M, Hirose A, Hou Z-G, Kil RM. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013, p. 25–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism.

Blog post

Fang J. Where Do Allergies Come From? [Online]. IFLScience IFLScience: 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/parasites-may-be-blame-your-allergies/ [30 Oct. 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. SSA ADP Budget: Suggested Reductions to Fiscal Year 1991 Budget. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cardillo-Geller L. Renegotiating relationships, patterns of grief and experiences of support: An examination of mothers’ relationships with their daughters following daughters’ loss of a husband in the September 11 th, 2001 World Trade Center attacks. Columbia University: 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Administration Rebuffed On House Office Search. New York Times: A17, 2008.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2, 4).
This sentence cites four references (2, 4, 6, 8).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
Abbreviation	Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.
ISSN (print)	0193-1849
ISSN (online)	1522-1555
Scope	Physiology Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Physiology (medical)