How to format your references using the American Journal of Clinical Dermatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Frenkel D. Materials science. Colloidal encounters: a matter of attraction. Science. 2006;314:768–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Sterner R, Schmid FX. Biochemistry. De novo design of an enzyme. Science. 2004;304:1916–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ogata H, Nishikawa K, Lubitz W. Hydrogens detected by subatomic resolution protein crystallography in a [NiFe] hydrogenase. Nature. 2015;520:571–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Chauhan P, Jain R, Dey B, Tyagi AK. Adjunctive immunotherapy with α-crystallin based DNA vaccination reduces Tuberculosis chemotherapy period in chronically infected mice. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1821.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Cavalla D. Off-label prescribing - Justifying unapproved medicine. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

1. Beller M. Transition Metal Catalyzed Carbonylation Reactions: Carbonylative Activation of C-X Bonds. Wu X-F, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kafle M. EAP in Nepal. In: Liyanage I, Walker T, editors. English for Academic Purposes (EAP) in Asia: Negotiating Appropriate Practices in a Global Context. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014. p. 51–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Clinical Dermatology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Top 10 New Species of 2014 [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/top-10-new-species-2014/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federal Agencies Administering Programs Related to Marine Science Activities and Oceanic Affairs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1975 Feb. Report No.: GGD-75-61.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. McLeod DJ. From fear to freedom: Overcoming obstacles and living truthfully in a role [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Wagner J. Mets’ Syndergaard Keeps Hitting the Gas. Just How Fast Can He Go? New York Times. 2017 Apr 2;D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
Abbreviation	Am. J. Clin. Dermatol.
ISSN (print)	1175-0561
ISSN (online)	1179-1888
Scope	General Medicine Dermatology

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