How to format your references using the American Journal of Clinical Dermatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Sagarin R. False estimates of the advance of spring. Nature. 2001;414:600.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Jucker M, Walker LC. Self-propagation of pathogenic protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. Nature. 2013;501:45–51.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Padian K, de Ricqlès AJ, Horner JR. Dinosaurian growth rates and bird origins. Nature. 2001;412:405–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kim MC, Panstruga R, Elliott C, Müller J, Devoto A, Yoon HW, et al. Calmodulin interacts with MLO protein to regulate defence against mildew in barley. Nature. 2002;416:447–51.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Spector P. Understanding Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

1. Murrell DF, editor. Clinical Cases in Autoimmune Blistering Diseases. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bennett L. Topical Versus Systemic Ocular Drug Delivery. In: Addo RT, editor. Ocular Drug Delivery: Advances, Challenges and Applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 53–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Clinical Dermatology.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Giant Snowballs Show Up Along A Siberian Beach [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/giant-snowballs-show-up-along-a-siberian-beach/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Intermodal Transportation: Potential Strategies Would Redefine Federal Role in Developing Airport Intermodal Capabilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005 Jul. Report No.: GAO-05-727.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Hayes MG. A qualitative case study of cultural competency among Advanced Placement teachers in Florida [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Crow K. The Best and the Brightest Under Fire. New York Times. 2001 Mar 18;141.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
Abbreviation	Am. J. Clin. Dermatol.
ISSN (print)	1175-0561
ISSN (online)	1179-1888
Scope	General Medicine Dermatology