How to format your references using the Ageing International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ageing International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nafie, L. A. (2013). Physical chemistry: handedness detected by microwaves. Nature, 497(7450), 446–448.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rivera, L. B., & Bergers, G. (2014). Angiogenesis. Targeting vascular sprouts. Science (New York, N.Y.), 344(6191), 1449–1450.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, L.-Y., Redon, S., & Lingner, J. (2012). The human CST complex is a terminator of telomerase activity. Nature, 488(7412), 540–544.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Koglin, A., Mofid, M. R., Löhr, F., Schäfer, B., Rogov, V. V., Blum, M.-M., et al. (2006). Conformational switches modulate protein interactions in peptide antibiotic synthetases. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5771), 273–276.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Walker, M. (2013). Happy-People-Pills For All. Oxford, UK: Wiley Blackwell.

An edited book

Miesenberger, K., Karshmer, A., Penaz, P., & Zagler, W. (Eds.). (2012). Computers Helping People with Special Needs: 13th International Conference, ICCHP 2012, Linz, Austria, July 11-13, 2012, Proceedings, Part I (Vol. 7382). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Onyimadu, O., Nakata, K., Wilson, T., Macken, D., & Liu, K. (2014). Towards Sentiment Analysis on Parliamentary Debates in Hansard. In W. Kim, Y. Ding, & H.-G. Kim (Eds.), Semantic Technology: Third Joint International Conference, JIST 2013, Seoul, South Korea, November 28--30, 2013, Revised Selected Papers (pp. 48–50). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ageing International.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2017, February 13). Stunning Images From The Underwater Photographer Of The Year 2017 Competition. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/stunning-images-from-the-underwater-photographer-of-the-year-2017-competition/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2003). Business Systems Modernization: IRS Has Made Significant Progress in Improving Its Management Controls, but Risks Remain (No. GAO-03-768). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ko, T.-C. T. (2008). The ALISA delta(CRC) classifier for natural surfaces: Viewpoint-invariant and illumination-invariant classification of natural surfaces using general-purpose color and texture features with the ALISA delta(CRC) classifier (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2010, September 15). At Home, In Any House. New York Times, p. B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nafie 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Nafie 2013; Rivera and Bergers 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rivera and Bergers 2014)
Three or more authors: (Koglin et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ageing International
Abbreviation	Ageing Int.
ISSN (print)	0163-5158
ISSN (online)	1936-606X
Scope	Health(social science)