How to format your references using the Advances in Radiation Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Advances in Radiation Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Normile D. AGRICULTURE: Variety Spices Up Chinese Rice Yields. Science. 2000;289(5482):1122b-1123b.

A journal article with 2 authors

Divakaruni AS, Murphy AN. Cell biology. A mitochondrial mystery, solved. Science. 2012;337(6090):41-43.

A journal article with 3 authors

Stratton MR, Campbell PJ, Futreal PA. The cancer genome. Nature. 2009;458(7239):719-724.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wu J, Li Y, Tang Q, et al. Bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells: a strategy to enhance overall efficiency based on transparent polyaniline electrode. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4028.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grinshpan L. Solving Enterprise Applications Performance Puzzles. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Machiraju VR, Schaff HV, Svensson LG, eds. Redo Cardiac Surgery in Adults. Second Edition. Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Sroufe R. Quality Assurance and Consumer Electronics Recycling. In: Nikolaidis Y, ed. Quality Management in Reverse Logistics: A Broad Look on Quality Issues and Their Interaction with Closed-Loop Supply Chains. Springer; 2013:73-94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Advances in Radiation Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Curiosity’s Drill Reveals Inner Color of Mars. IFLScience. March 2, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/curiosity-s-drill-reveals-inner-color-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Contemplated Legislation To Provide Telecommunications for the Deaf. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sydow K. A Life Review and Memory Album Program to Enhance Family Communication in Assisted Living. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M. Made for Prowling. New York Times. June 3, 2010:E4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Advances in Radiation Oncology
Abbreviation	Adv. Radiat. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	2452-1094
Scope	Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging