How to format your references using the Advances in Ophthalmology and Optometry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Advances in Ophthalmology and Optometry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. Smaglik, Bricks and mortar. Switzerland switches on supercomputers, Nature. 429 (2004) 326.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

X. Lv, J. Weng, Ternary composite of hemin, gold nanoparticles and graphene for highly efficient decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 3285.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S.M. Hsiang, M. Burke, E. Miguel, Quantifying the influence of climate on human conflict, Science. 341 (2013) 1235367.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M.B. Torchinsky, J. Garaude, A.P. Martin, J.M. Blander, Innate immune recognition of infected apoptotic cells directs T(H)17 cell differentiation, Nature. 458 (2009) 78–82.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. Gilmore, M. Lefranc, The Topology of Chaos, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

F. Bagarello, R. Passante, C. Trapani, eds., Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in Quantum Physics: Selected Contributions from the 15th International Conference on Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in Quantum Physics, Palermo, Italy, 18-23 May 2015, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Pfennig, P. Zastrow, A. Kranzmann, Supercritical CO2-Corrosion in Heat Treated Steel Pipes during Carbon Capture and Storage CCS, in: M.Z. Hou, H. Xie, P. Were (Eds.), Clean Energy Systems in the Subsurface: Production, Storage and Conversion: Proceedings of the 3rd Sino-German Conference “Underground Storage of CO2 and Energy”, Goslar, Germany, 21-23 May 2013, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 39–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Advances in Ophthalmology and Optometry.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Beetle’s Skin Hides Natural Light Nanotechnology, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/beetles-skin-hides-natural-light-nanotechnology/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, FCC: Service and Auction Rules for the 38.6-40.0 GHz Frequency Band, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D.L. Sutton, Alumni perceptions of the role of field education in professional preparation, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Chira, The Myth of Female Solidarity, New York Times. (2016) SR7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Advances in Ophthalmology and Optometry
Abbreviation	Adv. Ophthalmol. Optom.
ISSN (print)	2452-1760
Scope

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