How to format your references using the Advances in Digestive Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Advances in Digestive Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Gaffan D. Neuroscience. Widespread cortical networks underlie memory and attention. Science 2005;309:2172–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Yusufzai T, Kadonaga JT. HARP is an ATP-driven annealing helicase. Science 2008;322:748–50.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Helmus MR, Mahler DL, Losos JB. Island biogeography of the Anthropocene. Nature 2014;513:543–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Bartels R, Backus S, Zeek E, Misoguti L, Vdovin G, Christov IP, et al. Shaped-pulse optimization of coherent emission of high-harmonic soft X-rays. Nature 2000;406:164–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Koepsell D. Who Owns You? Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Solieri L, Giudici P, editors. Vinegars of the World. Milano: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Perumal J. Identity, Identification and Sociolinguistic Practices. In: Roux C, editor. Safe Spaces: Human Rights Education in Diverse Contexts, Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2012, p. 63–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Advances in Digestive Medicine.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. You Can Now Officially Own Resources Extracted From Asteroids. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/you-are-now-free-mine-asteroids-your-hearts-content/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Certain Food Aspects of the School Lunch Program in New York City. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Atchley D. Interventions, perceptions of accommodations, and motivating factors impacting the achievement and successful mainstreaming transition of English language learners. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hodgman J. Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times 2016:MM38.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Advances in Digestive Medicine
Abbreviation	Adv. Dig. Med.
ISSN (print)	2351-9797
Scope