How to format your references using the ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nikas JB (2013) Inflammation and immune system activation in aging: a mathematical approach. Sci Rep 3:3254

A journal article with 2 authors

Von Hippel D, Hayes P (2007) International security. Energy security for North Korea. Science 316:1288–1289

A journal article with 3 authors

Roselló-Díez A, Ros MA, Torres M (2011) Diffusible signals, not autonomous mechanisms, determine the main proximodistal limb subdivision. Science 332:1086–1088

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Du L, Lei DY, Yuan G, et al (2013) Mapping plasmonic near-field profiles and interferences by surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Sci Rep 3:3064

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lahdenmäki T, Leach M (2005) Relational Database Index Design and the Optimizers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Gschwind T, Paoli FD, Gruhn V, Book M (eds) (2012) Software Composition: 11th International Conference, SC 2012, Prague, Czech Republic, May 31 – June 1, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Reinders M (2011) The role of social networks: Mark Granovetter. In: Vellema S (ed) Transformation and sustainability in agriculture: Connecting practice with social theory. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, pp 49–56

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Super Camouflage Beats Super Sight, But Only If You’re A Fish. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/super-camouflage-beats-super-sight-but-only-if-youre-a-fish/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Aviation Acquisition: FAA Has a Structured Investment Management Approach, but Weaknesses Limit Its Effectiveness. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Blankenship K (2017) An Analysis of Illinois Public School Funding a Descriptive Comparison of Equity: 2005 v. 2015. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara S (2015) Seven Museums, Each Offering a Deadly Sin. New York Times WE9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nikas 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Von Hippel and Hayes 2007; Nikas 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Von Hippel and Hayes 2007)
Three or more authors: (Du et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders
Abbreviation	Atten. Defic. Hyperact. Disord.
ISSN (print)	1866-6116
ISSN (online)	1866-6647
Scope	General Medicine Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology