How to format your references using the Acta Radiologica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Acta Radiologica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schoof C. Ice-sheet acceleration driven by melt supply variability. Nature 2010;468:803–806.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stegemann S, Bock R. Exchange of genetic material between cells in plant tissue grafts. Science 2009;324:649–651.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gélinas Y, Baldock JA, Hedges JI. Organic carbon composition of marine sediments: effect of oxygen exposure on oil generation potential. Science 2001;294:145–148.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Montañez IP, Tabor NJ, Niemeier D, et al. CO2-forced climate and vegetation instability during Late Paleozoic deglaciation. Science 2007;315:87–91.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sharkh SM, Abusara MA, Orfanoudakis GI, et al. Power Electronic Converters for Microgrids. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, Singapore Pte. Ltd, 2014.

An edited book

Cheng C-M, Chung K-M, Persiano G, et al. (eds). Public-Key Cryptography – PKC 2016: 19th IACR International Conference on Practice and Theory in Public-Key Cryptography, Taipei, Taiwan, March 6-9, 2016, Proceedings, Part II. 1st ed. 2016. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Kothgassner OD, Felnhofer A, Hlavacs H, et al. Debunking Differences between Younger and Older Adults Using a Collaborative Virtual Environment. In: Anacleto JC, Clua EWG, Silva FSC da, et al. (eds) Entertainment Computing – ICEC 2013: 12th International Conference, ICEC 2013, São Paulo, Brazil, October 16-18, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013:36–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Acta Radiologica.

Blog post

Andrew E. Traces of Neanderthal Virus DNA Found in Modern Human Genomes. IFLScience Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/traces-neanderthal-virus-dna-found-modern-human-genomes/. 2013. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Customs and INS: Information on Inspection, Infrastructure, Traffic Flow, and Security Matters at the Detroit Port of Entry. GAO-02-595R, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, April 22, 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Boylan M. Acute physiological resonses to yoga activity in a hot environment. Doctoral Dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Seymour M. How About a Nightcap? New York Times, April 24, 2015, BR11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Acta Radiologica
Abbreviation	Acta Radiol.
ISSN (print)	0284-1851
ISSN (online)	1600-0455
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology