How to format your references using the Acta Paediatrica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Acta Paediatrica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mandavilli A. India. Nature 2005; 436:477.

A journal article with 2 authors

Harada S-I, Rodan GA. Control of osteoblast function and regulation of bone mass. Nature 2003; 423:349–55.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ladet S, David L, Domard A. Multi-membrane hydrogels. Nature 2008; 452:76–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wu GA, Terol J, Ibanez V, López-García A, Pérez-Román E, Borredá C, et al. Genomics of the origin and evolution of Citrus. Nature 2018; 554:311–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gywat O, Krenner HJ, Berezovsky J. Spins in Optically Active Quantum Dots. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2009.

An edited book

Hobbs M, Goscinski AM, Zhou W, eds. Distributed and Parallel Computing: 6th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP, Melbourne, Australia, October 2-3, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. XIV, 452 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 3719).

A chapter in an edited book

Ghisi M, Gobbino M. On the Parabolic Regime of a Hyperbolic Equation with Weak Dissipation: The Coercive Case. In: Reissig M, Ruzhansky M, eds. Progress in Partial Differential Equations: Asymptotic Profiles, Regularity and Well-Posedness Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing; 2013. p. 93–123. (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Acta Paediatrica.

Blog post

Fang J. Galapagos Birds are Adding Flowers to their Diet [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/most-galapagos-birds-are-adding-flowers-their-diet/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Force Aircraft: Consolidating Fighter Squadrons Could Reduce Costs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 May. Report No.: NSIAD-96-82.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bemmel EP. A cost -effectiveness analysis of two community college baccalaureate programs in Florida: An exploratory study [Doctoral dissertation]. [Boca Raton, FL]: Florida Atlantic University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. You Let Your Hair Down, and This Barkeep Cuts It. New York Times 2001:144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Acta Paediatrica
Abbreviation	Acta Paediatr.
ISSN (print)	0803-5253
ISSN (online)	1651-2227
Scope	General Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health