How to format your references using the Acta Paediatrica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Acta Paediatrica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Herzberg C. Petrology and thermal structure of the Hawaiian plume from Mauna Kea volcano. Nature 2006; 444:605–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kang J-H, Park Q-H. Fractional tunnelling resonance in plasmonic media. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2423.

A journal article with 3 authors

Loughlin PC, Willows RD, Chen M. In vitro conversion of vinyl to formyl groups in naturally occurring chlorophylls. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6069.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gouridis G, Karamanou S, Gelis I, Kalodimos CG, Economou A. Signal peptides are allosteric activators of the protein translocase. Nature 2009; 462:363–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zheng Y, Xu X, Xu Z, Wang J, Cai H. Metallic Biomaterials. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2017.

An edited book

Campilho A, Kamel M, eds. Image Analysis and Recognition: 5th International Conference, ICIAR 2008, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, June 25-27, 2008. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. XXII, 1126 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 5112).

A chapter in an edited book

Breuer F, Pink R. Monodromy Groups Associated to Non-Isotrivial Drinfeld Modules in Generic Characteristic. In: Geer G van der, Moonen B, Schoof R, eds. Number Fields and Function Fields—Two Parallel Worlds Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2005. p. 61–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Acta Paediatrica.

Blog post

Andrew D. What’s The Number One Reason People Die Early in Your Country? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/1-reason-people-die-early-your-country/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. President’s Third Special Message for FY 1981. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981 Feb. Report No.: OGC-81-3.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robertson-Tessi M. Mathematical models of tumor growth and therapy [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Norris M. FROM BROTHER TO SISTER. New York Times 2010:MM66.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Acta Paediatrica
Abbreviation	Acta Paediatr.
ISSN (print)	0803-5253
ISSN (online)	1651-2227
Scope	General Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health