How to format your references using the First Break citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for First Break. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Flückiger, J. [2008]. Climate change. Did you say ‘fast’? Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5889), 650–651.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hemphill, C. S., and Sampat, B. [2013]. Intellectual property. Drug patents at the Supreme Court. Science (New York, N.Y.), 339(6126), 1386–1387.

A journal article with 3 authors

Patek, S. N., Korff, W. L., and Caldwell, R. L. [2004]. Biomechanics: deadly strike mechanism of a mantis shrimp. Nature, 428(6985), 819–820.

A journal article with 10 or more authors

Tulevski, G. S., Myers, M. B., Hybertsen, M. S., Steigerwald, M. L., and Nuckolls, C. [2005]. Formation of catalytic metal-molecule contacts. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309(5734), 591–594.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ananthakrishnan, A. N., Xavier, R. J., and Podolsky, D. K. [2017]. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Gilmore, W. J. [2007]. Beginning PHP and Oracle: From Novice to Professional (B. Bryla, Ed.). Berkeley, CA: Apress.

A chapter in an edited book

Rossini, A., de Lara, J., Guerra, E., Rutle, A., and Lamo, Y. [2012]. A Graph Transformation-Based Semantics for Deep Metamodelling. In A. Schürr, D. Varró, and G. Varró (Eds.), Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance: 4th International Symposium, AGTIVE 2011, Budapest, Hungary, October 4-7, 2011, Revised Selected and Invited Papers (pp. 19–34). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for First Break.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. [2017, May 23]. Astronomers Create Largest Map Of The Universe Yet. Retrieved 30 October 2018, from IFLScience website: https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-create-largest-map-of-the-universe-yet/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. [2016]. Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle: Action Needed to Improve Visibility into Cost, Schedule, and Capacity to Resolve Technical Challenges (No. GAO-16-620). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Murdock, M. [2010]. Memoir as contemporary myth (Doctoral dissertation). Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, G. [2004, October 18]. There’s No Politics In the Foxhole. New York Times, p. A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	First Break
ISSN (print)	0263-5046
ISSN (online)	1365-2397
Scope